“Star cluster” is a generic way for astronomers to refer to a group of stars that formed from the same material and are gravitationally bound for at least some period of time. There are two major types of star clusters — globular clusters and open clusters — and they are actually quite different.
Oxidation is when the overall charge (or oxidation number) increases. The only way to increase an oxidation number is to lose an electron, thereby making the negative charges less. The correct answer is C.