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Inga [223]
3 years ago
13

18. Un avión de rescate de animales que vuela hacia el este a 36.0 m/s deja caer una paca de

Physics
1 answer:
Alona [7]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Definimos momento como el producto entre la masa y la velocidad

P = m*v

(tener en cuenta que la velocidad es un vector, por lo que el momento también será un vector)

Sabemos que el peso de la paca de heno es 175N, y el peso es masa por aceleración gravitatoria, entonces.

Peso = m*9.8m/s^2 = 175N

m = (175N)/(9.8m/s^2) = 17.9 kg

Ahora debemos calcular la velocidad de la paca justo antes de tocar el suelo.

Sabemos que la velocidad horizontal será la misma que tenía el avión, que es:

Vx = 36m/s

Mientras que para la velocidad vertical, usamos la conservación de la energía:

E = U + K

Apenas se suelta la caja, esta tiene velocidad cero, entonces su energía cinética será cero y la caja solo tendrá energía potencial (Si bien la caja tiene velocidad horizontal en este punto, por la superposición lineal podemos separar el problema en un caso horizontal y en un caso vertical, y en el caso vertical no hay velocidad inicial)

Entonces al principio solo hay energía potencial:

U = m*g*h

donde:

m = masa

g = aceleración gravitatoria

h = altura  

Sabemos que la altura inicial es 60m, entonces la energía potencial es:

U = 175N*60m = 10,500 N

Cuando la paca esta próxima a golpear el suelo, la altura h tiende a cero, por lo que la energía potencial se hace cero, y en este punto solo tendremos energía cinética, entonces:

10,500N = (m/2)*v^2

De acá podemos despejar la velocidad vertical justo antes de golpear el suelo.

√(10,500N*(2/ 17.9 kg)) = 34.25 m/s

La velocidad vertical es 34.25 m/s

Entonces el vector velocidad se podrá escribir como:

V = (36 m/s, -34.25 m/s)

Donde el signo menos en la velocidad vertical es porque la velocidad vertical es hacia abajo.

Reemplazando esto en la ecuación del momento obtenemos:

P = 17.9kg*(36 m/s, -34.25 m/s)  

P = (644.4 N, -613.075 N)

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