Answer: Peer-reviewed journal article is the most useful because the information in them had been carefully scrutinized and aproved by people who are experts in that particular field.
Answer: 22.5 percent of incoming solar radiation goes directly to the surface of the Earth and is absorbed.
Explanation: Transfer of radiation through a planet's atmosphere. A planet and its atmosphere, in our solar system, can radiate back to space only as much energy as it absorbs from incoming solar radiation.
One electron in an atom experiences the entire positive charge of the nucleus. Coulomb's law can be used in this situation to determine the effective nuclear charge.
In contrast, the outside electrons in an atom with many electrons are drawn to the positive nucleus and repelled by the negatively charged electrons at the same time. The force between two stationary, electrically charged particles can be measured using Coulomb's law inverse-square law, also known as Coulomb's law. Conventionally, the electric force between two charged objects at rest is referred to as the Coulomb force or electrostatic force.
The electron is a subatomic particle with the symbol e or with an electric charge of one elementarily negative charge. The lepton particle family's first generation includes electrons.
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Answer:
Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.
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