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enot [183]
3 years ago
10

A chemist must prepare of hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of at . He will do this in three steps: Fill a volumetric flask a

bout halfway with distilled water. Measure out a small volume of concentrated () stock hydrochloric acid solution and add it to the flask. Fill the flask to the mark with distilled water. Calculate the volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid that the chemist must measure out in the second step. Round your answer to significant digits.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Eva8 [605]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

1.7 mL

Explanation:

<em>A chemist must prepare 550.0 mL of hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 1.60 at 25 °C. He will do this in three steps: Fill a 550.0 mL volumetric flask about halfway with distilled water. Measure out a small volume of concentrated (8.0 M) stock hydrochloric acid solution and add it to the flask. Fill the flask to the mark with distilled water. Calculate the volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid that the chemist must measure out in the second step. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.</em>

Step 1: Calculate [H⁺] in the dilute solution

We will use the following expresion.

pH = -log [H⁺]

[H⁺] = antilog - pH = antilog -1.60 = 0.0251 M

Since HCl is a strong monoprotic acid, the concentration of HCl in the dilute solution is 0.0251 M.

Step 2: Calculate the volume of the concentrated HCl solution

We want to prepare 550.0 mL of a 0.0251 M HCl solution. We can calculate the volume of the 8.0 M solution using the dilution rule.

C₁ × V₁ = C₂ × V₂

V₁ = C₂ × V₂/C₁

V₁ = 0.0251 M × 550.0 mL/8.0 M = 1.7 mL

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Answer:

percentage yield of NaCl = 96.64%

Explanation:

The reaction was between NaHCO3 and HCl .The chemical equation can be represented below:

NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2 . The balance equation is

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The efficiency of NaHCO3 as an antacid , the limiting reactant is NaHCO3

as

1 mole of NaHCO3 produces 1 mole of NaCl

Therefore,

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since 84 g of NaHCO3 produces 58.5 g of NaCl

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cross multiply

Theoretical yield of NaCl = (10 × 58.5)/84

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Theoretical yield of NaCl  = 6.9642857143 g

percentage yield of NaCl = actual yield/theoretical yield × 100

percentage yield of NaCl = 6.73/6.9642857143 × 100

percentage yield of NaCl = 673/6.9642857143

percentage yield of NaCl = 96.635897436%

percentage yield of NaCl = 96.64%

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