Gamma rays contain much more energy (most penetrating) than radio waves because they have a greater frequencies.
Radio waves are the electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths (1dm to 100 km), lowest frequencies (3kHz to 3GHz) and lowest energy (124 peV to <span>12,4 μeV).
</span>Gamma rays are the electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths (1 pm), highest frequencies (300 EHz) and highest energy (1,24 Me<span>V</span>).
Answer is: the hydronium ion concentratio is 1.71×10⁻⁷ mol/dm³ and pH<6.76.
The Kw (the ionization constant of water) at 40°C is 2.94×10⁻¹⁴ mol²/dm⁶ or 2.94×10⁻¹⁴ M².
Kw = [H₃O⁺] · [OH⁻].
[H₃O⁺] = [OH⁻] = x.
Kw = x².
x = √Kw.
x = √2.94×10⁻¹⁴ M².
x = [H₃O⁺] = 1.71×10⁻⁷ M; concentration of hydronium ion.
pH = -log[H₃O⁺].
pH = -log(1.71×10⁻⁷ M).
pH = 6.76.
pH (potential of hydrogen) is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity an aqueous solution.
Answer/Explanation
Characteristics of Life Present in Viruses:
- has a defined boundary - viruses are made up simply of genetic material surrounded by a<u> protein capsid </u>and sometimes a lipid membrane
Characteristics of Life Absent in Viruses:
- made up of one or more cells - one of the main arguments for why viruses are not living is that they are <u>not cellular</u>
- uses energy - this is a tricky one. They don't use or produce their own energy. However, in order to reproduce they do hijack the host cells and <u>steal energy</u> from them in order to reproduce
- exhibits growth and development - although viruses do <u>reproduce</u>, the individual viral particles do not exhibit growth or development
- possess internal organisation - other than the fact they ahve genetic material, the inside of a virus does not contain internal organization like a cytosol, instead conssiting of the bare minimum amount of proteins to survive
- eliminates waste - since they do not have their own metabolism, they have no waste to eliminate
Answer:
An external stimuli is a stimulus that comes from outside an organism and causes a reaction.An internal stimuli is a stimulus that comes from inside an organism.
