Natural vs. Synthetic Venn Diagram: Natural chemicals are produced by nature without any human intervention. Synthetic chemicals are made by humans using methods different than those nature uses, and these chemical structures may or may not be found in nature
The results of Dominic and Eva's experiment is unreliable and can lead to a pseudoscientific claim primarily because they did not repeat their tests multiple times. Although, they used the same type of stopwatch in recording the time it takes for the chemical reaction to occur, they have different reactions times. Thus, it would have been better if they conducted several trials then obtained the average of their results.
Enthalpy is a state function
Explanation:
The Hess's law allows us to determine the enthalpy change of a reaction because enthalpy is a state function. It does not depend on the individual path take in going from reactants to products in the reaction.
- Enthalpy changes are the heat changes accompanying physical and chemical changes.
- It is the difference between the heat content of product in the final state and the reactants.
- Enthalpy changes for some reactions are not easily measurable experimentally.
- To calculate such heat changes, we apply the Hess's law of heat summation.
- The law states that "the heat change of a reaction is the same whether it occurs in a step or several steps".
- The Hess's law is simply based on the first law of thermodynamics by which we know that energy is conserved in every system.
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The equivalency point is at the point of the titration where the amount of titrant added neutralize the solution. When it’s a strong acid strong base titration, the equivalence point will be 7. When it is a weak acid strong base, the equivalence point it more basic (the exact number depends on what acid and base you use). And when it is a strong acid weak base, the equivalence number is more acid (the exact number depends on what acid and base you use). Hope this helps!