Answer:
Ratio of [CO₃²⁻] / [H₂CO₃] is 1.0x10⁻⁸
Explanation:
Based on the equilibriums:
H₂CO₃ ⇄ H⁺ + HCO₃⁻ Ka1 = 4.3x10⁻⁷
HCO₃⁻ ⇄ H⁺ + CO₃²⁻ Ka2 = 4.8x10⁻¹¹
The sum of both equilibriums is:
H₂CO₃ ⇄ 2 H⁺ + CO₃²⁻ K' = 4.3x10⁻⁷*4.8x10⁻¹¹ = 2.064x10⁻¹⁷
Where K' is defined as:
K' = 2.064x10⁻¹⁷ = [H⁺]² [CO₃²⁻] / [H₂CO₃]
If concentration of H⁺ is 4.5x10⁻⁵M:
K' = 2.064x10⁻¹⁷ = [4.5x10⁻⁵]² [CO₃²⁻] / [H₂CO₃]
1.0x10⁻⁸ = [CO₃²⁻] / [H₂CO₃]
Thus, <em>ratio of [CO₃²⁻] / [H₂CO₃] is 1.0x10⁻⁸</em>
Answer:
A single carbon pool can often have several fluxes both adding and removing carbon simultaneously. For example, the atmosphere has inflows from decomposition (CO2 released by the breakdown of organic matter), forest fires and fossil fuel combustion and outflows from plant growth and uptake by the oceans.
Explanation:
Some offspring may be tall, some may be short, and some may be medium medium sized.
