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SVETLANKA909090 [29]
3 years ago
14

An op-amp differential amplifier is built using four identical resistors, each having a tolerance of ±5%. Calculate the worst p

ossible CMRR.
Engineering
1 answer:
MatroZZZ [7]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

80.9 db.

Explanation:

So, in this particular Question/problem we need to determine/calculate for the the worst possible CMRR. The data or information provided by the Question above;

=> ''amp differential amplifier is built using four identical resistors''

Therefore, R1 = R2 = R3 = R4. From the question above, we also know that the tolerance is ±5% for resistor that is;

A1 = A2 = A3 = A4 = A ±5%.

Using the kirchoff formula to each case, we have;

(1). Non Inverting terminal:

[ J - J2 / (A1 = A3) ] + J/ (A2 = A4) = 0.

J = 0.53 J2.

(2). Inverting terminal:

[ J_ - J2 / (A1 = A3) ] + J_ - Jb / (A2 = A4) = 0.

Thus, Jb = 2.11 J_ - 1.11 J2.

Note that J = J_ = 0.53 J2.

Thus, Jb = 1.11 J2 - 1.11 J1.

(Note that we will have that A2 = A4 = A + 0.05 = 1.05A.

Also, A1 = A3 = A - 0.05 = 0.95A).

The voltage is c1 and c2.

Therefore, Jb = 1.11( ccm + cv/2) - 1.11 ( Ccm - cv/2).

= - 10^-4 ccm - 1.11 cv.

Thus, CMMR = 20 log [| 1.11 ÷ (- 10^-4)|] = 80.9 db.

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Consider a regenerative gas-turbine power plant with two stages of compression and two stages of expansion. The overall pressure
iris [78.8K]

Answer: the minimum mass flow rate of air required to generate a power output of 105 MW is 238.2 kg/s

Explanation:

from the T-S diagram, we get the overall pressure ratio of the cycle is 9

Calculate the pressure ratio in each stage of compression and expansion. P1/P2 = P4/P3  = √9 = 3

P5/P6 = P7/P8  = √9 =3  

get the properties of air from, "TABLE A-17 Ideal-gas properties of air", in the text book.

At temperature T1 =300K

Specific enthalpy of air h1 = 300.19 kJ/kg

Relative pressure pr1 = 1.3860  

At temperature T5 = 1200 K

Specific enthalpy h5 = 1277.79 kJ/kg

Relative pressure pr5 = 238  

Calculate the relative pressure at state 2

Pr2 = (P2/P1) Pr5

Pr2 =3 x 1.3860 = 4.158  

get the two values of relative pressure between which the relative pressure at state 2 lies and take the corresponding values of specific enthalpy from, "TABLE A-17 Ideal-gas properties of air", in the text book.  

Relative pressure pr = 4.153

The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 411.12 kJ/kg  

Relative pressure pr = 4.522

The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 421.26 kJ/kg  

Find the specific enthalpy of state 2 by the method of interpolation

(h2 - 411.12) / ( 421.26 - 411.12) =  

(4.158 - 4.153) / (4.522 - 4.153 )

h2 - 411.12 = (421.26 - 411.12) ((4.158 - 4.153) / (4.522 - 4.153))  

h2 - 411.12 = 0.137

h2 = 411.257kJ/kg  

Calculate the relative pressure at state 6.

Pr6 = (P6/P5) Pr5

Pr6 = 1/3 x 238 = 79.33  

Obtain the two values of relative pressure between which the relative pressure at state 6 lies and take the corresponding values of specific enthalpy from, "TABLE A-17 Ideal-gas properties of air", in the text book.  

Relative pressure Pr = 75.29

The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 932.93 kJ/kg  

Relative pressure pr = 82.05

The corresponding specific enthalpy h = 955.38 kJ/kg  

Find the specific enthalpy of state 6 by the method of interpolation.

(h6 - 932.93) / ( 955.38 - 932.93) =  

(79.33 - 75.29) / ( 82.05 - 75.29 )

(h6 - 932.93) = ( 955.38 - 932.93) ((79.33 - 75.29) / ( 82.05 - 75.29 )

h6 - 932.93 = 13.427

h6 = 946.357 kJ/kg

Calculate the total work input of the first and second stage compressors

(Wcomp)in = 2(h2 - h1 ) = 2( 411.257 - 300.19 )

= 222.134 kJ/kg  

Calculate the total work output of the first and second stage turbines.

(Wturb)out = 2(h5 - h6) = 2( 1277.79 - 946.357 )

= 662.866 kJ/kg  

Calculate the net work done

Wnet = (Wturb)out  - (Wcomp)in

= 662.866 - 222.134

= 440.732 kJ/kg  

Calculate the minimum mass flow rate of air required to generate a power output of 105 MW

W = m × Wnet

(105 x 10³) kW = m(440.732 kJ/kg)

m = (105 x 10³) / 440.732

m = 238.2 kg/s

therefore the minimum mass flow rate of air required to generate a power output of 105 MW is 238.2 kg/s

4 0
3 years ago
A vertical pole consisting of a circular tube of outer diameter 127 mm and inner diameter 115 mm is loaded by a linearly varying
Anna [14]

Maximum shear stress in the pole is 0.

<u>Explanation:</u>

Given-

Outer diameter = 127 mm

Outer radius,r_{2} = 127/2 = 63.5 mm

Inner diameter = 115 mm

Inner radius, r_{1} = 115/2 = 57.5 mm

Force, q = 0

Maximum shear stress, τmax = ?

 τmax  = \frac{4q}{3\pi } (\frac{r2^2 + r2r1 + r1^2}{r2^4 - r1^4} )

If force, q is 0 then τmax is also equal to 0.

Therefore, maximum shear stress in the pole is 0.

3 0
3 years ago
Calculate the radius of gyration for a bar of rectangular cross section with thickness t and width w for bending in the directio
SVEN [57.7K]

Answer:

a)R= sqrt( wt³/12wt)

b)R=sqrt(tw³/12wt)

c)R= sqrt ( wt³/12xcos45xwt)

Explanation:

Thickness = t

Width = w

Length od diagonal =sqrt (t² +w²)

Area of raectangle = A= tW

Radius of gyration= r= sqrt( I/A)

a)

Moment of inertia in the direction of thickness I = w t³/12

R= sqrt( wt³/12wt)

b)

Moment of inertia in the direction of width I = t w³/12

R=sqrt(tw³/12wt)

c)

Moment of inertia in the direction of diagonal I= (w t³/12)cos 45=( wt³/12)x 1/sqrt (2)

R= sqrt ( wt³/12xcos45xwt)

4 0
3 years ago
Which of the following are true about the American Wire Gauge?
harina [27]

Answer:

A. smallest wire is No. 12

7 0
3 years ago
What type of siege engines were used by Saladin to capture Jerusalem in 1187?
mariarad [96]

Answer:

LOTS

Explanation:

Catapults, Towers, and Trebuchets were all used by Saladin to capture Jerusalem in 1187

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