A cation is smaller than its parent atom.
Therefore, here a sodium ion is smaller than the neutral sodium atom.
Reason: Since the sodium atom loses an electron to form an electropositive ion(cation), its nuclear charge increases(the number of protons exceeds the number of electrons) and the orbital electrons are pulled with a greater energy.
Thus,the sodium ion shrinks in size.
D represents ion-dipole forces that are stronger than the force C.
Explanation:
D represents the ion-dipole force.
C represents the H-bonding forces.
ion-dipole force is a force that is due to electrostatic attraction and has a dipole between an ion and a neutral molecule.
It is electrostatic in nature.
A hydrogen bond is the force between the hydrogen with the electro negative atom of one molecule, to electro negative atom of some other molecule. such as: O, F, N
Ion dipole force is stronger than the H-bonding.
Explanation:
It is known that in a simple cubic unit cell the atoms are only present at the corner of the unit cell. This means that there are in total 8 atoms present in a simple cubic unit cell.
Therefore, in one simple cubic unit cell sharing of one atom is only 
.
Hence, the total number of atoms in a unit cell will be as follows.
= 1
Thus, we can conclude that there is 1 calcium atom present in each unit cell.
Answer:
The vertical line indicating bonds breaking
Explanation:
1. A thermodynamic quantity that is the difference between the internal energy of a system and the product of itsabsolute temperature and entropy; the capacity of a system to do work, as in an exothermic chemical reaction.<span>2. </span>A thermodynamic quantity that is the difference between the enthalpy and the product of the absolute temperatureand entropy of a system. Also called <span>Gibbs free energy</span>.
