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siniylev [52]
3 years ago
10

A structural component in the form of a wide plate is to be fabricated from a steel alloy that has a plane strain fracture tough

ness of 88 () and a yield strength of 710 MPa (51490 psi). The flaw size resolution limit of the flaw detection apparatus is 4 mm (0.1575 in.). (a) If the design stress is one-half of the yield strength and the value of Y is 1.07, what is the critical flaw length
Engineering
1 answer:
lozanna [386]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Critical Flaw Length=17.08 mm

The Critical flaw Length > 4mm, It means it is detectable.

Explanation:

Given Data:

Fracture Toughness=K_{tc}=88MPa

Yield Strength=σ=710 MPa

Y=1.07

Solution:

Formula:

Critical\ Length=\frac{1}{\pi } *(\frac{K_{tc}}{Y*\sigma} )^2

Since yield Strength is half, Critical Length will be:

Critical\ Length=\frac{1}{\pi } *(\frac{K_{tc}}{\frac{\sigma}{2} *Y} )^2\\Critical\ Length=\frac{1}{\pi } *(\frac{88MPa}{\frac{710MPa}{2} *1.07} )^2\\\\Critical\ Length=0.01708\ m

Critical Flaw Length=17.08 mm

The Critical flaw Length > 4mm, It means it is detectable.

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learn from their mistakes

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and so u could do better next time

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2. One of the many methods used for drying air is to cool the air below the dew point so that condensation or freezing of the mo
REY [17]

Answer:

0.5°c

Explanation:

Humidity ratio by mass can be expressed as

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Humidity ratio is normally expressed in kilograms (or pounds) of water vapor per kilogram (or pound) of dry air.

Humidity ratio expressed by mass:

x = mw / ma                                  (1)

where

x = humidity ratio (kgwater/kgdry_air, lbwater/lbdry_air)

mw = mass of water vapor (kg, lb)

ma = mass of dry air (kg, lb)

It can be as:

x = 0.005 (100) / [(100 - 100)]

x = 0.005 x 100 / (100 - 100)

x = 0.005 x 100 / 0

x = 0.5°c

So the temperature to which atmospheric air must be cooled in order to have humidity ratio of 0.005 lb/lb is 0.5°c

6 0
3 years ago
Select the correct answer.
juin [17]
Orthographic projection, common method of representing three-dimensional objects, usually by three two-dimensional drawings in each of which the object is viewed along parallel lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawling.
4 0
3 years ago
Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The inlet conditions of the steam are 10 MPa, 450°C, and 80 m/s, and the exit
8090 [49]

Answer:

a) The change in Kinetic energy, KE = -1.95 kJ

b) Power output, W = 10221.72 kW

c) Turbine inlet area, A_1 = 0.0044 m^2

Explanation:

a) Change in Kinetic Energy

For an adiabatic steady state flow of steam:

KE = \frac{V_2^2 - V_1^2}{2} \\.........(1)

Where Inlet velocity,  V₁ = 80 m/s

Outlet velocity, V₂ = 50 m/s

Substitute these values into equation (1)

KE = \frac{50^2 - 80^2}{2} \\

KE = -1950 m²/s²

To convert this to kJ/kg, divide by 1000

KE = -1950/1000

KE = -1.95 kJ/kg

b) The power output, w

The equation below is used to represent a  steady state flow.

q - w = h_2 - h_1 + KE + g(z_2 - z_1)

For an adiabatic process, the rate of heat transfer, q = 0

z₂ = z₁

The equation thus reduces to :

w = h₁ - h₂ - KE...........(2)

Where Power output, W = \dot{m}w..........(3)

Mass flow rate, \dot{m} = 12 kg/s

To get the specific enthalpy at the inlet, h₁

At P₁ = 10 MPa, T₁ = 450°C,

h₁ = 3242.4 kJ/kg,

Specific volume, v₁ = 0.029782 m³/kg

At P₂ = 10 kPa, h_f = 191.81 kJ/kg, h_{fg} = 2392.1 kJ/kg, x₂ = 0.92

specific enthalpy at the outlet, h₂ = h_1 + x_2 h_{fg}

h₂ = 3242.4 + 0.92(2392.1)

h₂ = 2392.54 kJ/kg

Substitute these values into equation (2)

w = 3242.4 - 2392.54 - (-1.95)

w = 851.81 kJ/kg

To get the power output, put the value of w into equation (3)

W = 12 * 851.81

W = 10221.72 kW

c) The turbine inlet area

A_1V_1 = \dot{m}v_1\\\\A_1 * 80 = 12 * 0.029782\\\\80A_1 = 0.357\\\\A_1 = 0.357/80\\\\A_1 = 0.0044 m^2

3 0
3 years ago
A Pelton wheel is supplied with water from a lake at an elevation H above the turbine. The penstock that supplies the water to t
gayaneshka [121]

Answer:

Following are the proving to this question:

Explanation:

\frac{D_1}{D} = \frac{1}{(2f(\frac{l}{D}))^{\frac{1}{4}}}

using the energy equation for entry and exit value :

\to \frac{p_o}{y} +\frac{V^{2}_{o}}{2g}+Z_0  = \frac{p_1}{y} +\frac{V^{2}_{1}}{2g}+Z_1+ f \frac{l}{D}\frac{V^{2}}{2g}

where

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         = (\frac{1}{(2f (\frac{l}{D} ))^{\frac{1}{4}}})^4\  V^{2}_{1}\\\\

         = \frac{1}{(2f (\frac{l}{D})  )} \  V^{2}_{1}\\

\to \frac{p_o}{y} +\frac{V^{2}_{o}}{2g}+Z_0  =\frac{p_1}{y} +\frac{V^{2}_{1}}{2g}+Z_1+ f \frac{l}{D}\frac{V^{2}}{2g} \\\\

\to 0+0+Z_0 = 0  +\frac{V^{2}_{1} }{2g} +Z_1+ f \frac{l}{D} \frac{\frac{1}{(2f(\frac{l}{D}))}\ V^{2}_{1}}{2g}   \\\\\to Z_0 -Z_1 = +\frac{V^{2}_{1}}{2g} \ (1+f\frac{l}{D}\frac{1}{(2f(\frac{l}{D}) )} )  \\\\\to H= \frac{V^{2}_{1}}{2g} (\frac{3}{2}) \\\\\to  \frac{V^{2}_{1}}{2g} = H(\frac{3}{2})

L.H.S = R.H.S

7 0
3 years ago
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