ΔG⁰ = ΔH⁰ - TΔS
ΔH⁰ = Hf,(CH₃OH) - Hf,(CO) = -238.7 + 110.5 = -128.2 kJ/mol
ΔS = S(CH₃OH) - S(CO) - 2S(H₂) = 126.8 - 197.7 - 2 x 130.6 = -332.1 J/mol.K
So
ΔG⁰ = - 128200 + 332.1 T
For the reaction to be spontaneous:
ΔG⁰ < 0
So: -128200 + 332.1 T < 0
332.1 T < 128200
T < 386.028 K
Magnesium in hydrochloric acid forms H2 (hydrogen) gas according to the balanced chemical equation:
Mg + 2HCl→H2 + MgCl2
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Alchemy is extremely complicated. It is based on the practical skills of early metal workers and craftsmen, on Greek philosophy, and on Eastern mystic cults that sprang up in the first centuries after Christ and influenced so much of magic and occult thought.
