1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
ad-work [718]
3 years ago
8

Ethanol, C2H5OH, is manufactured on a large scale for a wide range of uses such as alcoholic drinks, as an industrial solvent an

d as a raw material for the synthesis of many organic compounds. Ethanol, C2H5OH, is manufactured on a large scale by two methods: • Fermentation, using yeast, of sugars, such as glucose, C6H12O6. C6H12O6(aq)  2C2H5OH(aq) + 2CO2(g) The ethanol is then distilled off. • Hydration of ethene, C2H4, with steam in the presence of an acid catalyst. C2H4(g) + H2O(g)  C2H5OH(g) Compare the sustainability of these methods of manufacturing ethanol in terms of: • availability of starting materials and energy requirements; • atom economy. In your answer, you should make clear how the atom economy of the processes links with chemical theory.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Scorpion4ik [409]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

In considering the sustainability of the two processes, we must remember that fermentation involves the use of sugars as raw materials. These sugars are grown naturally as plants from which sugars are extracted for the fermentation process. This is a sustainable process because sugar is a renewable resource.

On the other hand, ethene is produced from the cracking of fractions obtained from distillation of natural gas and oil. Natural gas and oil are not renewable resources hence the process is not sustainable. The cracking of ethene requires a lot of energy compared to the fermentation of sugar.

As regards atom economy, the cracking of ethene, C2H4(g) + H2O(g) ------> C2H5OH(g) has a better atom economy compared to the fermentation of sugar; C6H12O6(aq) -------> 2C2H5OH(aq) + 2CO2(g).

Atom economy has to do with the process of designing reactions in such a way that atoms which are in the starting materials end up in the final product and not as waste materials.

Fermentation produces a waste material which is CO2 while the cracking of ethene produces no waste material. All atoms of the reactants are converted into atoms of products.

Hence, the cracking of ethene displays 100% atom economy. This implies that all reactant atoms are found in the desired product.

You might be interested in
10. Which statement about cellular respiration in plants and animals is true?
kogti [31]

Answer:

Ⓑ Both plants and animals release energy from glucose/sugar in cellular respiration.

3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Can someone good with chemistry help me?
Digiron [165]
As you go down group 7 the melting point of the elements will increase, this is because as you go down the group you are gaining an electron shell and the molecule will become bigger. This increase in size means that there will be an increase in the intermolecular forces as well.

So the order would be NF3, NBr3, NI3.

Hopefully this helps!
6 0
3 years ago
Despite not knowing mechanistic details of the adsorption of water onto silica gel, from the information provided, you should be
navik [9.2K]

Answer:

G<0, spontanteous

H<0, from equation

S>0, gas to solid

Explanation:

The small bags of silica gel you often see in a new shoe box are placed there to control humidity. Despite its name, silica gel is a solid. It is a chemically inert, highly porous, amorphous form of SiO2. Water vapor readily adsorbs onto the surface of silica gel, so it acts as a desiccant. Despite not knowing mechanistic details of the adsorption of water onto silica gel, from the information provided, you should be able to make an educated guess about the thermodynamic characteristics of the process. Predict the signs of ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS.

G<0, spontanteous

H<0, from equation

S>0, gas to solid

8 0
3 years ago
One difference between strong bases and weak bases is 1. strong bases can neutralize more acid than weak bases. 2. strong bases
Tema [17]
One difference between strong bases and weak bases is that a strong bases dissociate completely while weak bases do not. A strong base is a compound that completely ionizes into metal and hydroxide ions when in a solution, on the other hand weak bases only partially ionizes to metal and hydroxide ions in solution. An example of a weak base is ammonia and an example of a strong base is sodium hydroxide.
6 0
3 years ago
Use the problem below to answer the question: How many grams of H2 would be formed if 34 grams of carbon reacted with an unlimit
Pavlova-9 [17]
34g C * ( 1 mol / 12.0107 ) * ( 1 mol H2 / 1 mol C ) * ( <span>2.01588 g / 1 mol H2 ) = 5.70657164028741 g H2 = 5.7 g H2

Convert grams of C to moles of C using the given amount of grams and the molar mass ( 12.0107 g/mol ).

Gather the mole ratio from the coefficients in the balanced equation and multiply by the ratio.

Convert moles of H2 to grams of H2 </span> using the given amount of grams and the molar mass ( 2.01588 g/mol )<span>.

Revise your answer to have the correct number of significant figures. </span>
6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • What happens to the copper sulphate crystals when they are heated that causes them to change color?​
    15·1 answer
  • Identify the products that are in equilibrium with NH3 and H2O.Identify the products that are in equilibrium with and .NH2−and H
    12·2 answers
  • What are the three domains of life?
    6·1 answer
  • What is the voltage of the voltaic cell Zn|Zn2+||Cu2+|Cu at 298 K if [Zn2+] = 0.2 M and [Cu2+] = 4.0 M? Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu Eo = +0.
    5·1 answer
  • Hana fills a cup with sandy ocean water. She pours the mixture through a filter. What does she collect that passes through the f
    10·2 answers
  • What does science mean to you
    7·1 answer
  • The number of joules required to heat one gram of a substance one degree Celsius is _____.
    9·1 answer
  • How do we use natural resources?
    8·2 answers
  • the presidential inauguration is free to watch with or without paying ror traditional tv service. Why is this important?
    9·2 answers
  • Calculate the mass of Sb produced when 0.122 moles of is produced. Show work.
    10·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!