Answer:
I think the layers of the atmosphere does temperature increase with increasing height. It is affected by convection because it heats the lower atmosphere. It is affected by conduction because the is the transfer of thermal energy. I guess
Hope this help!
Answer:

look at the picture above
The lithium ion[Li⁺]=1.642 M
<h3>Further explanation</h3>
Ionic compounds will dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. The strength of the dissociation depends on the strength of the electrolyte properties. The stronger it is, the more ions will dissociate
Reaction
Li₂S⇒2Li⁺+S²⁻
mol ratio Li₂S : Li⁺: S²⁻ = 1 : 2 : 1
so the lithium-ion (Li⁺) concentration :

<u>Answer:</u> The enthalpy of the formation of
is coming out to be -65.3 kJ/mol
<u>Explanation:</u>
Enthalpy change is defined as the difference in enthalpies of all the product and the reactants each multiplied with their respective number of moles. It is represented as 
The equation used to calculate enthalpy change is of a reaction is:
![\Delta H^o_{rxn}=\sum [n\times \Delta H^o_f_{(product)}]-\sum [n\times \Delta H^o_f_{(reactant)}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_%7Brxn%7D%3D%5Csum%20%5Bn%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28product%29%7D%5D-%5Csum%20%5Bn%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28reactant%29%7D%5D)
For the given chemical reaction:

The equation for the enthalpy change of the above reaction is:
![\Delta H^o_{rxn}=[(1\times \Delta H^o_f_{(SiC(s))})+(2\times \Delta H^o_f_{(CO(g))})]-[(1\times \Delta H^o_f_{(SiO_2(s))})+(3\times \Delta H^o_f_{(C(s))})]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_%7Brxn%7D%3D%5B%281%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28SiC%28s%29%29%7D%29%2B%282%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28CO%28g%29%29%7D%29%5D-%5B%281%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28SiO_2%28s%29%29%7D%29%2B%283%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28C%28s%29%29%7D%29%5D)
We are given:

Putting values in above equation, we get:
![624.6=[(1\times \Delta H^o_f_{(SiC(s))})+(2\times (-110.5))]-[(1\times (-910.9))+(3\times (0))]\\\\\Delta H^o_f_{(SiC(s))}=-65.3kJ/mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=624.6%3D%5B%281%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28SiC%28s%29%29%7D%29%2B%282%5Ctimes%20%28-110.5%29%29%5D-%5B%281%5Ctimes%20%28-910.9%29%29%2B%283%5Ctimes%20%280%29%29%5D%5C%5C%5C%5C%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_f_%7B%28SiC%28s%29%29%7D%3D-65.3kJ%2Fmol)
Hence, the enthalpy of the formation of
is coming out to be -65.3 kJ/mol.