Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
1 answer:
Answer:
The quantum number that describes the orientation of an orbital within a sublevel is the magnetic quantum number.
Explanation:
There are four quantum numbers in chemistry. These are the principal quantum number, the angular momentum quantum number, the magnetic quantum number, and the spin quantum number. These all follow these three foundational rules in chemistry.
The Pauli exclusion principle states that if two electrons inhabit the same orbital, they will spin in different directions.
Hund's rule states that if an orbital does not have an electron, an electron will need to fill it first before any of the other orbitals can have two electrons of differing spins.
The Aufbau principle states that all electrons will fill orbitals in an orderly fashion based on the quantum numbers. An attachment is included of this fill order for your reference.
The four quantum numbers for chemistry are:
The principal quantum number describes the sublevel in which the orbital is located. This occurs at n = 1, 2, 3, etc. all the way to 7.
The angular momentum quantum number describes the orbital that an electron fills. It will refer to the shape and the type of orbital.
The magnetic quantum number refers to the orientation of an orbital. Based on the angular momentum quantum number, there can be 1, 3, 5, or 7 orientations.
The spin quantum number refers to the Pauli exclusion principle. This number is assigned a negative or positive based on the orientation of the electron.
Therefore, because the magnetic quantum number is the one that refers to <u>the orientation of the orbital</u>, this is our answer.
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Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
The question is incomplete. However in picture 1, you have the starting materials and the structure of the product, which you miss in this part.
Now, in picture 2, you have the starting reactant and the product, and the mechanism that is taking place here.
First, all what we have here is an acid base reaction. In the first step, we are using the acid medium to convert the reactant into an alcohol. The bromine there, is not leaving the molecule yet, because it's neccesary for the next step. The starting reactant is an alkene, in that way, we can convert the reactant in the first step into a secondary alcohol. In other words, the first reaction is a alkene hydration.
In the second step, we use a strong base. You may say this is a strong nucleophile and will do a Sn2 reaction to form another alcohol there, but it's not the case, because, before any kind of reaction happens, the priority here is always the acid base, so the base will react with the acidic hydrogen. In this case, it will substract an hydrogen from the OH. When this happens, the lone pair will do an auto condensation here, and attacks the bromine in the molecule. In this way, the molecule will become a cyclomolecule, and that way it form the final product.
See picture 2, for mechanism
