Hello There!
<em>If you add together all of the forces exerted on a object and get a non zero value that is called the "NET FORCE" of the object</em>
The 2 positively charged particles would repel each other.
Answer:
part (a) 
Part (b) 
Explanation:
Given,
- Mass of the larger disk =

- Mass of the smaller disk =

- Radius of the larger disk =

- Radius of the smaller disk =

- Mass of the block = M = 1.60 kg
Both the disks are welded together, therefore total moment of inertia of the both disks are the summation of the individual moment of inertia of the disks.

part (a)
Given that a block of mass m which is hanging with the smaller disk,
Let 'T' be 'a' be the tension in the string and acceleration of the block.
From the free body diagram of the smaller block,

From the pulley,

From the equation (1) and (2),

part (b)
Above expression for the acceleration of the block is only depended on the radius of the pulley.
Radius of the larger pulley = 
Let
be the acceleration of the block while connecting to the larger pulley.
Convection, because it is the process of heat transfer from one location to the next by the movement of fluids. The moving fluid carries energy within it.