car 1 is traveling south at 18 m/s and has a full load, giving it a total mass of 14,650 kg. Car 2 is traveling north at 11 m/s
1 answer:
Answer:
v_{4}= 80.92[m/s] (Heading south)
Explanation:
In order to calculate this problem, we must use the linear moment conservation principle, which tells us that the linear moment is conserved before and after the collision. In this way, we can propose an equation for the solution of the unknown.
ΣPbefore = ΣPafter
where:
P = linear momentum [kg*m/s]
Let's take the southward movement as negative and the northward movement as positive.
where:
m₁ = mass of car 1 = 14650 [kg]
v₁ = velocity of car 1 = 18 [m/s]
m₂ = mass of car 2 = 3825 [kg]
v₂ = velocity of car 2 = 11 [m/s]
v₃ = velocity of car 1 after the collison = 6 [m/s]
v₄ = velocity of car 2 after the collision [m/s]
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(a) The electrons move horizontally from west to east, while the magnetic field is directed downward, toward the surface. We can determine the direction of the force on the electron by using the right-hand rule:
- index finger: velocity --> due east
- middle finger: magnetic field --> downward
- thumb: force --> due north
However, we have to take into account that the electron has negative charge, therefore we have to take the opposite direction: so, the magnetic force is directed southwards, and the electrons are deflected due south.
b) From the kinetic energy of the electrons, we can find their velocity by using
where K is the kinetic energy, m the electron mass and v their velocity. Re-arranging the formula, we find
The Lorentz force due to the magnetic field provides the centripetal force that deflects the electrons:
where
q is the electron charge
v is the speed
B is the magnetic field strength
m is the electron mass
r is the radius of the trajectory
By re-arranging the equation, we find the radius r:
And finally we can calculate the centripetal acceleration, given by:
- index finger: velocity --> due east
- middle finger: magnetic field --> downward
- thumb: force --> due north
However, we have to take into account that the electron has negative charge, therefore we have to take the opposite direction: so, the magnetic force is directed southwards, and the electrons are deflected due south.
b) From the kinetic energy of the electrons, we can find their velocity by using
where K is the kinetic energy, m the electron mass and v their velocity. Re-arranging the formula, we find
The Lorentz force due to the magnetic field provides the centripetal force that deflects the electrons:
where
q is the electron charge
v is the speed
B is the magnetic field strength
m is the electron mass
r is the radius of the trajectory
By re-arranging the equation, we find the radius r:
And finally we can calculate the centripetal acceleration, given by: