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Answer:C
Explanation:
A process is called spontaneous if the process takes place on its own without the intervention of external factors.
The spontaneous processes are generally quick with observable rates of reaction.But processes can be spontaneous even with negligible rates of reaction.
Spontaneity of reactions depend on temperature.
This is because spontaneity is measured by gibbs energy or enthalpy.
Both of these measures are dependent on temperature.
So,temperature affects spontaneity.
Endothermic reactions are reactions that require heat in the course of the process. The heat of reaction in this case is positive which means the energy of the products is greater than the energy of the reactants. In this case, the answer to this problem would have to be <span>1. must be greater than the required ΔH </span>
Answer:
Enthalpy of formation = -947.68KJ/mol
Explanation:
Enthalpy of formation is the heat change when one mole of a substance is formed from its element in its standard states and in standard conditions of temperature and pressure. it may be positive or negative, if positive, it is an endothermic reaction where the heat content of the product is greater than that of the reactants, and if negative, it is exothermic reaction - where the heat content of the reactants is greater than the products. the enthalpy of formation is measured in KiloJoule/Moles (KJ/Mole).
From the value of the enthalpy of formation of NaHCO3, it shows that the reaction is exothermic, that is the formation of NaHCO3 from its constituents elements. As such, the heat content of the reactants is greater than the products.
The step by step explanation is shown in the attachment.
Answer:
The Order is as follow,
C-H < S-H < H-Br < H-Cl
Explanation:
Polarity depends on the electronegativity difference between two atoms, greater the electronegativity difference, greater will be the polarity of bond and vice versa.
Electronegativity Difference between Hydrogen and other given elements are as follow,
1) C-H;
E.N of Carbon = 2.55
E.N of Hydrogen = 2.20
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Difference 0.35
2) S-H;
E.N of Sulfur = 2.58
E.N of Hydrogen = 2.20
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Difference 0.38
3) H-Br;
E.N of Bromine = 2.96
E.N of Hydrogen = 2.20
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Difference 0.76
4) H-Cl;
E.N of Chlorine = 3.16
E.N of Hydrogen = 2.20
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Difference 0.96
Hence it is proved that the greatest electronegativity difference is found between H and Chlorine in H-Cl, therefore it is highly polar bond and vice versa.
