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2 years ago

Which of the following has special properties that allow forces and pressure to be distributed evenly?

Engineering

1 answer:

Thepotemich [5.8K]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

Fluids

Explanation:

Fluids has special properties that allow forces and pressure to be distributed evenly within them.

Fluids are gases and liquids whose intermolecular forces of attraction are generally weak or non-existence.
Therefore, when pressure is applied to them, it permeates evenly on all parts.
Their ability to tend to randomness makes liquids and gases very viable for distributing pressure.

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Steam at 1400 kPa and 350°C [state 1] enters a turbine through a pipe that is 8 cm in diameter, at a mass flow rate of 0.1 kg⋅s−

sergeinik [125]

Answer:

Power output, $P_{out} = 178.56 kW$

Given:

Pressure of steam, P = 1400 kPa

Temperature of steam, $T = 350^{\circ}C$

Diameter of pipe, d = 8 cm = 0.08 m

Mass flow rate, $\dot{m} = 0.1 kg.s^{- 1}$

Diameter of exhaust pipe, $d_{h} = 15 cm = 0.15 m$

Pressure at exhaust, P' = 50 kPa

temperature, T' = $100^{\circ}C$

Solution:

Now, calculation of the velocity of fluid at state 1 inlet:

$\dot{m} = \frac{Av_{i}}{V_{1}}$

$0.1 = \frac{\frac{\pi d^{2}}{4}v_{i}}{0.2004}$

$0.1 = \frac{\frac{\pi 0.08^{2}}{4}v_{i}}{0.2004}$

$v_{i} = 3.986 m/s$

Now, eqn for compressible fluid:

$\rho_{1}v_{i}A_{1} = \rho_{2}v_{e}A_{2}$

Now,

$\frac{A_{1}v_{i}}{V_{1}} = \frac{A_{2}v_{e}}{V_{2}}$

$\frac{\frac{\pi d_{i}^{2}}{4}v_{i}}{V_{1}} = \frac{\frac{\pi d_{e}^{2}}{4}v_{e}}{V_{2}}$

$\frac{\frac{\pi \times 0.08^{2}}{4}\times 3.986}{0.2004} = \frac{\frac{\pi 0.15^{2}}{4}v_{e}}{3.418}$

$v_{e} = 19.33 m/s$

Now, the power output can be calculated from the energy balance eqn:

$P_{out} = -\dot{m}W_{s}$

$P_{out} = -\dot{m}(H_{2} - H_{1}) + \frac{v_{e}^{2} - v_{i}^{2}}{2}$

$P_{out} = - 0.1(3.4181 - 0.2004) + \frac{19.33^{2} - 3.986^{2}}{2} = 178.56 kW$

4 0

2 years ago

Water is the working fluid in an ideal Rankine cycle. Saturated vapor enters the turbine at 12 MPa, and the condenser pressure i

Brilliant_brown [7]

Answer:

$\dot Q_{in} = 372.239\,MW$

Explanation:

The water enters to the pump as saturated liquid and equation is modelled after the First Law of Thermodynamics:

$w_{in} + h_{in}- h_{out} = 0$

$h_{out} = w_{in}+h_{in}$

$h_{out} = 12\,\frac{kJ}{kg} + 191.81\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$

$h_{out} = 203.81\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$

The boiler heats the water to the state of saturated vapor, whose specific enthalpy is:

$h_{out} = 2685.4\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$

The rate of heat transfer in the boiler is:

$\dot Q_{in} = \left(150\,\frac{kg}{s}\right)\cdot \left(2685.4\,\frac{kJ}{kg}-203.81\,\frac{kJ}{kg} \right)\cdot \left(\frac{1\,MW}{1000\,kW} \right)$

$\dot Q_{in} = 372.239\,MW$

3 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

A vector AP is rotated about the Z-axis by 60 degrees and is subsequently rotated about X-axis by 30 degrees. Give the rotation

Musya8 [376]

Answer:

R = $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1&0&0\\0&cos30&-sin30\\0&sin30&cos30\end{array}\right]$ $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}cos 60&-sin60&0\\sin60&cos60&60\0&0&1\end{array}\right]$

Explanation:

The mappings always involve a translation and a rotation of the matrix. Therefore, the rotation matrix will be given by:

Let $\theta$ and $\alpha$ be the the angles 60⁰ and 30⁰ respectively

that is $\theta$ = 60⁰ and

$\alpha$ = 30⁰

The matrix is given by the following expression:

$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1&0&0\\0&cos30&-sin30\\0&sin30&cos30\end{array}\right]$ $\left[\begin{array}{ccc}cos 60&-sin60&0\\sin60&cos60&60\0&0&1\end{array}\right]$

The angles can be evaluated and left in the surd form.

4 0

2 years ago

2. Determine the surface area of a primary settling tank sized to handle a maximum hourly flow of 0.570 m3/s at an overflow rate

Hitman42 [59]

Answer:

The surface area of the primary settling tank is 0.0095 m^2.

The effective theoretical detention time is 0.05 s.

Explanation:

The surface area of the tank is calculated by dividing the volumetric flow rate by the overflow rate.

Volumetric flow rate = 0.570 m^3/s

Overflow rate = 60 m/s

Surface area = 0.570 m^3/s ÷ 60 m/s = 0.0095 m^2

Detention time is calculated by dividing the volume of the tank by the its volumetric flow rate

Volume of the tank = surface area × depth = 0.0095 m^2 × 3 m = 0.0285 m^3

Detention time = 0.0285 m^3 ÷ 0.570 m^3/s = 0.05 s

7 0

3 years ago

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Preheat and postheating are necessary when welding gray cast iron. *<br> True<br> False

Zepler [3.9K]

True will be your answer have a great day

5 0

2 years ago