His reflexes. He reacted to the sound quickly, but his motor cortex didn't fire quickly enough to cause his muscles to move in time.
If Luis performs resistance training it is most likely that his muscle will go through hypertrophy. Hypertrophy is the growth of muscle cells in the muscles.
By slowly introducing the changes and not implementing them all at once.
Stage 1 is the beginning of the sleep cycle and is a relatively light stage of sleep. Stage 1 can be considered a transition period between wakefulness and sleep. Stage 2 is the second stage of sleep and lasts for approximately 20 minutes. During stage 2 sleep, You become less aware of your surroundings.Body temperature drops. Breathing and heart rate become more regular. During stage 3 sleep: Muscles relax. Blood pressure and breathing rate drop. Deepest sleep occurs. During REM sleep: The brain becomes more active.
The body becomes relaxed and immobilized. Dreams occur. Eyes move rapidly.