Answer and Explanation:
There are various ways the periodic table is organized.
One way is by increasing atomic number, which is also the number of protons an element has. As you move to the right and down, the atomic number increases.
Another way is by increasing atomic mass, which is the mass of the element in atomic mass units (amu); this is also numerically equivalent to the molar mass, which is the mass per mole of the element. As you move to the right and down, the atomic mass increases.
Each column is called a group, while each row is called a family. Within the groups/columns, the elements have various properties. For example, Group 1 elements are alkali metals, Group 2 are alkaline-earth metals, Group 17 is halogens, Group 18 is noble gases, etc.
Hope this helps!