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I am Lyosha [343]
3 years ago
6

25.0cm3 of s saturated potassium hydroxide is neutralized by 35.0cm3 of hydrogen chloride acid of concentration 0.75 mol/dm3. Ca

lculate the concentration of potassium hydroxide solution. Please help, will give brainliest, unhelpful answers will get reported.​
Chemistry
1 answer:
Kamila [148]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Concentration of the original \rm KOH solution: approximately 1.05\; \rm mol \cdot dm^{-3}.

Explanation:

Notice that the concentration of the \rm HCl solution is in the unit \rm mol\cdot dm^{-3}. However, the unit of the two volumes is \rm cm^{3}. Convert the unit of the two volumes to \rm dm^{3} to match the unit of concentration.

\begin{aligned} V(\mathrm{NaOH}) &= 25.0\; \rm cm^{3} \\ &= 25.0\; \rm cm^{3} \times \frac{1\; \rm dm^{3}}{1000\; \rm cm^{3}} \approx 0.0250\; \rm dm^{3} \end{aligned}.

\begin{aligned} V(\mathrm{HCl}) &= 35.0\; \rm cm^{3} \\ &= 35.0\; \rm cm^{3} \times \frac{1\; \rm dm^{3}}{1000\; \rm cm^{3}} \approx 0.0350\; \rm dm^{3} \end{aligned}.

Calculate the number of moles of \rm HCl molecules in that 0.0350\; \rm dm^{3} of 0.75\; \rm mol \cdot dm^{3} \rm HCl\! solution:

\begin{aligned}n(\mathrm{HCl}) &= c(\mathrm{HCl}) \cdot V(\mathrm{HCl}) \\ &= 0.00350\; \rm dm^{3} \times 0.75\; \rm mol \cdot dm^{3} \\ &\approx 0.02625\; \rm mol\end{aligned}.

\rm HCl is a monoprotic acid. In other words, each \rm HCl\! would release up to one proton \rm H^{+}.

On the other hand, \rm KOH is a monoprotic base. Each \rm KOH\! formula unit would react with up to one \rm H^{+}.

Hence, \rm HCl molecules and \rm KOH\! formula units would react at a one-to-one ratio.

{\rm HCl}\, (aq) + {\rm NaOH}\, (aq) \to {\rm NaCl}\, (aq) + {\rm H_2O}\, (l).

Therefore, that 0.02625\; \rm mol of \rm HCl molecules would neutralize exactly the same number of \rm NaOH formula units. That is: n(\mathrm{NaOH}) = 0.02625\; \rm mol.

Calculate the concentration of a \rm NaOH solution where V(\mathrm{NaOH}) = 0.0250\; \rm dm^{3} and n(\mathrm{NaOH}) = 0.02625\; \rm mol:

\begin{aligned}c(\mathrm{NaOH}) &= \frac{n(\mathrm{NaOH})}{V(\mathrm{NaOH})} \\ &= \frac{0.02625\; \rm mol}{0.0250\; \rm dm^{3}}\approx 1.05\; \rm mol \cdot dm^{-3}\end{aligned}.

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Answer:

See Explanation

Explanation:

The equation of the reaction;

KHSO4(aq) + KOH(aq) -------> K2SO4(aq) + H2O(l)

Number of moles of KHSO4 = 49.6 g/136.169 g/mol = 0.36 moles

Since the reaction is in a mole ratio of 1:1, 0.36 moles of K2SO4 is produced.

Number of moles of KOH = 25.3 g/56.1056 g/mol = 0.45 moles

Since the reaction is 1:1, 0.45 moles of K2SO4 is produced

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Amount of excess KOH = 0.45 moles - 0.36 moles = 0.09 moles

Mass of excess KOH = 0.09 moles * 56.1056 g/mol  = 5 g of excess KOH

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