When two sides of a membrane are in contact with each other, the distribution of ions will alter as a result of the binding of a signal molecule to a ligand-gated ion channel.
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What is a ligand-gated ion channel?</h3>
Ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) are membrane proteins that are structurally integral and feature a pore that permits the controlled passage of particular ions across the plasma membrane. The electrochemical gradient for the permeant ions drives the passive ion flux.
When a chemical ligand, such as a neurotransmitter, attaches to the protein, ligand-gated ion channels open. Changes in membrane potential cause voltage channels to open and close. When a receptor physically deforms, as in the case of pressure and touch receptors, mechanically-gated channels open.
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Answer:
V = 331.59m/s
Explanation:
First we need to calculate the time taken for the shell fire to hit the ground using the equation of motion.
S = ut + 1/2at²
Given height of the cliff S = 80m
initial velocity u = 0m/s²
a = g = 9.81m/s²
Substitute
80 = 0+1/2(9.81)t²
80 = 4.905t²
t² = 80/4.905
t² = 16.31
t = √16.31
t = 4.04s
Next is to get the vertical velocity
Vy = u + gt
Vy = 0+(9.81)(4.04)
Vy = 39.6324
Also calculate the horizontal velocity
Vx = 1330/4.04
Vx = 329.21m/s
Find the magnitude of the velocity to calculate speed of the shell as it hits the ground.
V² = Vx²+Vy²
V² = 329.21²+39.63²
V² = 329.21²+39.63²
V² = 108,379.2241+1,570.5369
V² = 109,949.761
V = √ 109,949.761
V = 331.59m/s
Hence the speed of the shell as it hits the ground is 331.59m/s
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Answer:
2000 J
Explanation
Work equation is expressed as:
Where:
F: Applied force
d: traveled distance
α: Angle between the direction of the force and the direction of the movement. (in this case, both of the direction are the same, so the angle is 0°)
By substituting:
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Katherine paid $1.25 for a bottle of water
Answer:
Apply this to waves: count the number of waves passing each second (= frequency), and multiply by the length of each (= wavelength) to find the speed. speed = distance/time = l/T= l / (1/f) = f λ. Work through three examples: A simple example, perhaps for sound in air, with values in Hz and m.
Explanation:Apply this to waves: count the number of waves passing each second (= frequency), and multiply by the length of each (= wavelength) to find the speed. speed = distance/time = l/T= l / (1/f) = f λ. Work through three examples: A simple example, perhaps for sound in air, with values in Hz and m.
Amplitude is the fluctuation or displacement of a wave from its mean value. With sound waves, it is the extent to which air particles are displaced, and this amplitude of sound or sound amplitude is experienced as the loudness of sound
But it seems that in some circumstances, sound can jump between objects in a vacuum after all. Sound waves are travelling vibrations of particles in media such as air, water or metal. So it stands to reason that they cannot travel through empty space, where there are no atoms or molecules to vibrate.