Is dihydrogen monoxide a real substance? Do you think it should be banned?

Predict the ground-state electron configuration of the following ions. Write your answers in abbreviated form, that is, beginnin

abruzzese [7]

These are three questions and three complete answers

Answer:

a) Cr²⁺: [Ar] 4s² 3d²

b) Cu²⁺: [Ar] 4s² 3d⁷

c) Co³⁺: [Ar] 4s² 3d⁴

Explanation:

a) Cr²⁺

Z = 24

Number of protons: 24

Number of elecrons of the neutral atom: 24

Charge of the ions: + 2

Number of electrons of the ion: 24 - charge = 24 - 2 = 22.

Electron configuration:

Fill the orbitals in increasing order of energy. Using Aufbau's rules the order is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ .....

Hence, for 22 electrons you get:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d²

Abbreviated notation: since the last complete level is the number 3s² 3p⁶, you use the noble gas of the period 3, which is Ar, and the configuration is:

[Ar] 4s² 3d²

b) Cu²⁺

Z = 29

Number of protons: 29

Number of elecrons of the neutral atom: 29

Charge of the ion: + 2

Number of electrons of the ion: 29 - charge = 29 - 2 = 27.

Electron configuration:

Fill the orbitals in increasing order of energy. Using Aufbau's rules the order is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ .....

Hence, for 27 electrons you get:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁷

Abbreviated notation: since the last complete level is the number 3s² 3p⁶, you use the noble gas of the period 3, which is Ar, and the configuration is:

[Ar] 4s² 3d⁷

c) Co³⁺

Z = 27

Number of protons: 27

Number of elecrons of the neutral atom: 27

Charge of the ion: + 3

Number of electrons of the ion: 27 - charge = 27 - 3 = 24.

Electron configuration:

Fill the orbitals in increasing order of energy. Using Aufbau's rules the order is: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ .....

Hence, for 24 electrons you get:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁴

Abbreviated notation: since the last complete level is the number 3s² 3p⁶, you use the noble gas of the period 3, which is Ar, and the configuration is:

[Ar] 4s² 3d⁴

6 0

4 years ago

How many grams of nitric acid, HNO3, are required to neutralize (completely react with) 4.30 g of Ca(OH)2?

Ierofanga [76]

Answer:

8.25 g HNO3 (please correct me if I'm wrong!)

5 0

3 years ago

What chiefly determines the polarity of a bond?

Rufina [12.5K]

Using electronegative. If the difference is between 0 and .4, the bond is nonpolar,If the difference is between .4 and about 1.9, the bond is polar, and if the difference is over 1.9 it is typically ionic.

3 0

3 years ago

Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction? Which of the following is an oxidation-reduction reaction? Ba(C2H3O2)

DochEvi [55]

Answer:

The only oxidation- reduction reaction is Cu (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) → 2Ag (s) + Cu(NO3)2

Explanation:

An oxidation-reduction reaction is a chemical reaction that involves an electron transfer between two species. This will lead to a change in oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by gaining or losing an electron.

Some atoms have different possible oxidation numbers.

H has oxidation number +1

O has oxidation number -2

The oxidation number of an individual atom is 0.

The total oxidation number of all atoms in: a neutral species is 0 and in an ion is equal to the ion charge.

⇒ Ba(C2H3O2)2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4 (s) + 2NaC2H3O2

(C2H3O2)2 has an oxidation number of -2. So Ba has an oxidation number of +2

In BaSO4 has SO4 an oxidation number of -2 and Ba has an oxidation number of +2

This means Ba doesn't change its oxidation number.

In Na2SO4 Na has an oxidation of +1; in NaC2H3O2 Na has an oxidation of +1

This means Na doesn't change its oxidation number.

⇒ Cu (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) → 2Ag (s) + Cu(NO3)2

Cu has an oxidation number of 0

In Cu(NO3)2, NO3 has an oxidation number of -1 so Cu has an oxidation number of +2

In 2AgNO3, NO3 has an oxidation number of -1 so Ag has an oxidation number of +1

Ag has an oxidation number of 0

⇒ HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) → H2O (l) + NaCl

The oxidation number of Cl and Na do not change

⇒ AgNO3 (aq) + HCl (aq) → AgCl (s) + HNO3

In AgNO3 Ag has an oxidation number of +1

In AgCl Ag has an oxidation number of +1

In HCl Cl has an oxidation number of -1

In AgCl Cl has an oxidation number of +1

The oxidation number of Cl and Ag do not change

⇒ H2CO3 (aq) + Ca(NO3)2 (aq) → 2HNO3 (aq) + CaCO3 (s)

In Ca(NO3)2 Ca has an oxidation number of +2

In CaCO3 Ca has an oxidation number of +2

In Ca(NO3)2 N has an oxidation number of +5

In HNO3 N has an oxidation number of +5

In H2CO3 C has an oxidation number of +4

In CaCO3 C has an oxidation number of +4

The only oxidation- reduction reaction is Cu (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) → 2Ag (s) + Cu(NO3)2

Oxidizing agent: Ag ; Reducing agent: Cu

4 0

3 years ago

GalinKa [24]

Scavengers are condors ralatad to vulture that feed on dead animals is plas a in portion roll in the food web eading dead animais

3 0

4 years ago