Answer:
[H₃O⁺] = 3.162 × 10⁻⁹ moles / liter
Explanation:
The pH is calculated with the formula:
pH = -lg[H₃O⁺]
From here the concentration of hydronium ion (H₃O⁺) will be:
[H₃O⁺] = 
[H₃O⁺] = 
[H₃O⁺] = 3.162 × 10⁻⁹ moles / liter
The correct answer is a. This is because the pH of a solution is defined as -log10(concentration of H+ ions). An inverse logarithmic scale such as this means that a solution with a lower concentration of H+ ions will have a higher pH than one with a higher concentration. Therefore we know that the pH of the second sample will be higher than the first.
Since the logarithmic scale has the base 10, a change by 1 on the scale is a consequence of multiplication/division of the H+ concentration by a factor of 10. As the scale is inverse, this means that a decrease of concentration by factor 1000 is equivalent to increasing the pH by (1000/10) = 3.
Explanation is in a file
bit.
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Answer:
1 . 
2. 
Explanation:
The more stable the ionic compound, the more is it lattice energy.
- The more the charge on the cation and the anion, the greater is the lattice energy.
- The less the size of the cation and the anion, the greater is the lattice energy.
Scandium oxide (
) is an oxide in which 
behaves as cation and 
behaves as anion.
The compounds which has higher lattice energy than scandium oxide are:
1 .
This is because the charge are same on the cation and the anion as in the case of the Scandium oxide but the size of the cation 
is smaller than . Thus, this corresponds to higher lattice energy.
2.
This is because the charge on the cation 
is greater than that of and also the size of the cation is smaller than . Thus, this corresponds to higher lattice energy.
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I hope this helps!</span>
