Energy is required to melt a solid because the cohesive bonds between the molecules in the solid must be broken apart so that the molecules can move around at comparable kinetic energies
Answer:
Electrons
Explanation:
According to the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR), the geometry of a molecule depends on the number of electron pairs (regions of electron density) on the central atom of the molecule. Electron pairs on the valence shell of the molecule tend to position themselves as far apart in space as possible to minimize repulsion between them. Hence, the orientation of these electron pairs is the ultimate determinant of the observed geometry of a molecule.
Lone pairs of electrons cause more repulsion than bond pairs of electrons on the central atom of a molecule. Hence when the central atom of a molecule contains lone pairs of electrons, the molecular geometry is usually distorted from the expected geometry on the basis of VSEPR theory.
Hence, electrons are the subatomic particles which are responsible for any change in the observed molecular geometry of a molecule.
For this question, lets apply Avagadro's law
when Pressure and temperature are constant, the volume occupied is directly proportional to the number of moles of gases.
where V-volume, n-number of moles and k - constant
Therefore at 2 instances
where V1 and n1 are for 1st instance
and V2 and n2 are for 2nd instance
therefore
V1 = 2.4 L
n1 = 3.7 mol
n2 = 3.7 + 1.6 = 5.3 mol
since more He moles are added at the 2nd instance its the sum of the moles.
V2 needs to be calculated
V2 = 2.4 x 5.3 / 3.7
= 3.4 L
Answer is 1st option 3.4 L
Use the quantitive chemistry formula triangle on google