Limitations of Van der waal's equation. (i) The value of 'b' is not constant but varies with pressure and temperature. (ii) The value of is not equal to 3b, but actually it is equal to, in some case; and in other cases 2b. (iii) The value of is not equal to but it is usually more than 3 for most of the gases.
The shape of the molecule is trigonal planar.
For example, H₂O:
..
O
/ \
H H
Spring tides occur during the fullmoon and the new moon