A) We want to find the work function of the potassium. Apply this equation:
E = 1243/λ - Φ
E = energy of photoelectron, λ = incoming light wavelength, Φ = potassium work function
Given values:
E = 2.93eV, λ = 240nm
Plug in and solve for Φ:
2.93 = 1243/240 - Φ
Φ = 2.25eV
B) We want to find the threshold wavelength, i.e. find the wavelength such that the energy E of the photoelectrons is 0eV. Plug in E = 0eV and Φ = 2.25eV and solve for the threshold wavelength λ:
E = 1243/λ - Φ
0 = 1243/λ - Φ
0 = 1243/λ - 2.25
λ = 552nm
C) We want to find the frequency associated with the threshold wavelength. Apply this equation:
c = fλ
c = speed of light in a vacuum, f = frequency, λ = wavelength
Given values:
c = 3×10⁸m/s, λ = 5.52×10⁻⁷m
Plug in and solve for f:
3×10⁸ = f(5.52×10⁻⁷)
f = 5.43×10¹⁴Hz
The 1kg ball would exert the smallest force.
As force = mass x gravity, this means that the smaller the mass (kg), the lesser the force.
When the mass is lighter (1kg):
Force = mass x gravity
Force = 1 x 9.8
Force = 9.8N
Compared to when the mass is heavier (10kg)
Force = mass x gravity
Force = 10 x 9.8
Force = 98N
Where this proves that the lighter the mass, the smaller the force exerted.
I assume L=120 yards as the length of the football field.
1) The average speed is given by the total distance covered by the player divided by the time taken.
The total distance covered to go from one goal line to the other and then back to the 40-yards line is

And the time taken is t=22.4 s, so the average speed of the player is

2) The find the average velocity, we should also consider the direction (and the sign) of the velocity.
In the the first part of the motion, the player goes from one goal line to the other one, so he covers 120 y. However, in the second part of the motion he goes back by 80 y. Therefore, the net displacement of the player is

and so, the average velocity is
Sublimation is the changing of a solid directly to a gas without turning into a liquid first. Where as vaporization is the liquid turning into a gas.