Any deviation in the image of an object when light passing from one medium to other is assciated to the phenomenon of refraction.
<h3>What is refraction ?</h3>
It is the deflection from a straight path undergone by a light ray while passing from one medium (such as air) into another (such as glass) in which its velocity is different.
Basically, the light refraction gives the pencil a slight magnifying effect, which makes the angle appear bigger than it actually is, causing the pencil to look crooked.
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- After Looking at the pencil from the side of a clear glass or resealable plastic bag filled three-fourths with water, we will see the light bends around the pencil, causing it to look bent in the water.
- When the pencil tilt from side to side, It looks so dramatically broken on looking at it from different angles.
We can magically “fix” the broken pencil by changing where the pencil is positioned in the glass.
Learn more about Light here;
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Answer :
The equilibrium concentration of CO is, 0.016 M
The equilibrium concentration of Cl₂ is, 0.034 M
The equilibrium concentration of COCl₂ is, 0.139 M
Explanation :
The given chemical reaction is:
Initial conc. 0.1550 0.173 0
At eqm. (0.1550-x) (0.173-x) x
As we are given:
The expression for equilibrium constant is:
![K_c=\frac{[COCl_2]}{[CO][Cl_2]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_c%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5BCOCl_2%5D%7D%7B%5BCO%5D%5BCl_2%5D%7D)
Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:
x = 0.139 and x = 0.193
We are neglecting value of x = 0.193 because equilibrium concentration can not be more than initial concentration.
Thus, we are taking value of x = 0.139
The equilibrium concentration of CO = (0.1550-x) = (0.1550-0.139) = 0.016 M
The equilibrium concentration of Cl₂ = (0.173-x) = (0.173-0.139) = 0.034 M
The equilibrium concentration of COCl₂ = x = 0.139 M
