When a cannon fires a cannonball we observe Newton's third law. Which is the reaction force? A) The cannon moving forward B) The

Question

defon

2 years ago

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When a cannon fires a cannonball we observe Newton's third law. Which is the reaction force? A) The cannon moving forward B) The

cannonball moving backwards C) The cannon moving backwards D) The cannonball moving forward

Physics

2 answers:

laiz [17] · Answer 1 · 2022-12-23T07:01:21+03:00

Answer:

I

will

only

explain

Explanation:

The cannon is fired when an explosive charge is detonated, causing a sudden and immense increase in pressure. Is it not this pressure that causes the rapid acceleration of the cannonball and the recoil of the cannon, not an action–reaction between the cannon and the cannonball?

For purposes of this model, we can consider the expanding gas from the explosion to be part of the cannon, or as an intervening object between the cannon and the ball. So the gasses exert a force on the ball. The ball exerts a force back on the gasses. This is transferred to the cannon.

You could also imagine or build a (toy) "cannon" with a spring mechanism to propel the ball, rather than an explosion. You'd see very similar results.

In any case, the deeper point, which you will soon learn, is that momentum is a conserved quantity. Regardless of what mechanism applies the force on the ball and the cannon, after the ball is flying free the cannon must end up with as much backwards momentum as the ball has forward momentum.

If no cannonball is present when the charge is detonated, then the pressure dissipates much more quickly and the recoil is smaller but still present

Because air and exhaust gasses from the explosion are expelled from the cannon. These gasses have mass and carry momentum, therefore they exert a reaction force on the cannon just as a ball does.

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