What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if:
1 answer:
Answer:
See the answers below
Explanation:
This problem and its respective questions can be easily solved using Newton's law of universal gravitation. Which can be calculated by means of the following expression.
where:
G = it is the universal gravitation constant. = 6.673 x 10⁻¹¹ [N*m²/kg²]
m1 = mass of the first body [kg]
m2 = mass of the second body [kg]
r = distance among the bodies [m]
a. the mass of one is doubled?
When this happens we see that the force is increased twice as well, since the mass is in the numerator of the expression.
b. The masses of both are doubled?
If both masses are doubled the force is increased to four times its original value since the terms of the masses are in the numerator of the expression.
c. The distance between them is doubled?
In this case the force is decreased to half of its original value, since the distance is in the denominator of the expression of universal gravitation.
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To explain, I will use the equations for kinetic and potential energy:
Potential energy is the potential an object has to move due to gravity. An object can only have potential energy if 1) <u>gravity is present</u> and 2) <u>it is above the ground at height h</u>. If gravity = 0 or height = 0, there is no potential energy. Example:
An object of 5 kg is sitting on a table 5 meters above the ground on earth (g = 9.8 m/s^2). What is the object's gravitational potential energy? <u>(answer: 5*5*9.8 = 245 J</u>)
(gravitational potential energy is potential energy)
<h3>Kinetic energy</h3>Kinetic energy is the energy of an object has while in motion. An object can only have kinetic energy if the object has a non-zero velocity (it is moving and not stationary). An example:
An object of 5 kg is moving at 5 m/s. What is the object's kinetic energy? (<u>answer: 5*5 = 25 J</u>)
<h3>Kinetic and Potential Energy</h3>Sometimes, an object can have both kinetic and potential energy. If an object is moving (kinetic energy) and is above the ground (potential), it will have both. To find the total (mechanical) energy, you can add the kinetic and potential energies together. An example:
An object of 5 kg is moving on a 5 meter table at 10 m/s. What is the objects mechanical (total) energy? (<u>answer: KE = .5(5)(10^2) = 250 J; PE = (5)(9.8)(5) = 245 J; total: 245 + 250 = 495 J</u>)