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Eduardwww [97]
3 years ago
9

Consider the reaction

Chemistry
1 answer:
SOVA2 [1]3 years ago
5 0

Answer :

(a) The average rate will be:

\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}=9.36\times 10^{-5}M/s

(b) The average rate will be:

\frac{d[H^+]}{dt}=1.87\times 10^{-4}M/s

Explanation :

The general rate of reaction is,

aA+bB\rightarrow cC+dD

Rate of reaction : It is defined as the change in the concentration of any one of the reactants or products per unit time.

The expression for rate of reaction will be :

\text{Rate of disappearance of A}=-\frac{1}{a}\frac{d[A]}{dt}

\text{Rate of disappearance of B}=-\frac{1}{b}\frac{d[B]}{dt}

\text{Rate of formation of C}=+\frac{1}{c}\frac{d[C]}{dt}

\text{Rate of formation of D}=+\frac{1}{d}\frac{d[D]}{dt}

Rate=-\frac{1}{a}\frac{d[A]}{dt}=-\frac{1}{b}\frac{d[B]}{dt}=+\frac{1}{c}\frac{d[C]}{dt}=+\frac{1}{d}\frac{d[D]}{dt}

From this we conclude that,

In the rate of reaction, A and B are the reactants and C and D are the products.

a, b, c and d are the stoichiometric coefficient of A, B, C and D respectively.

The negative sign along with the reactant terms is used simply to show that the concentration of the reactant is decreasing and positive sign along with the product terms is used simply to show that the concentration of the product is increasing.

The given rate of reaction is,

5Br^-(aq)+BrO_3^-(aq)+6H^+(aq)\rightarrow 3Br_2(aq)+3H_2O(l)

The expression for rate of reaction :

\text{Rate of disappearance of }Br^-=-\frac{1}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}

\text{Rate of disappearance of }BrO_3^-=-\frac{d[BrO_3^-]}{dt}

\text{Rate of disappearance of }H^+=-\frac{1}{6}\frac{d[H^+]}{dt}

\text{Rate of formation of }Br_2=+\frac{1}{3}\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}

\text{Rate of formation of }H_2O=+\frac{1}{3}\frac{d[H_2O]}{dt}

Thus, the rate of reaction will be:

\text{Rate of reaction}=-\frac{1}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}=-\frac{d[BrO_3^-]}{dt}=-\frac{1}{6}\frac{d[H^+]}{dt}=+\frac{1}{3}\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}=+\frac{1}{3}\frac{d[H_2O]}{dt}

<u>Part (a) :</u>

<u>Given:</u>

\frac{1}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}=1.56\times 10^{-4}M/s

As,  

-\frac{1}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}=+\frac{1}{3}\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}

and,

\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}=\frac{3}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}

\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}=\frac{3}{5}\times 1.56\times 10^{-4}M/s

\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}=9.36\times 10^{-5}M/s

<u>Part (b) :</u>

<u>Given:</u>

\frac{1}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}=1.56\times 10^{-4}M/s

As,  

-\frac{1}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}=-\frac{1}{6}\frac{d[H^+]}{dt}

and,

-\frac{1}{6}\frac{d[H^+]}{dt}=\frac{3}{5}\frac{d[Br^-]}{dt}

\frac{d[H^+]}{dt}=\frac{6}{5}\times 1.56\times 10^{-4}M/s

\frac{d[H^+]}{dt}=1.87\times 10^{-4}M/s

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<h3><u>Condensation of gases into liquids by kinetic molecular theory:</u></h3>

The "kinetic molecular theory" explains the states of matter based on the matter composed of very tiny little particles that are constantly in motion. The theory also explains the observable properties and behaviors of solids, liquids, and gases.

Condensation of particles of a real gas to form liquid is due to the attractive forces present in between them. During the condensation process, gas molecules slows down and come together to form a liquid.  And also during the transfer of energy to something cooler, the process slows down and they attract the bond to become liquid.  Each particle motion is completely independent. The kinetic energy of gas particles is dependent on the temperature of the gas.

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At a certain temperature the vapor pressure of pure benzene is measured to be . Suppose a solution is prepared by mixing of benz
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Answer:

P(C₆H₆) = 0.2961 atm

Explanation:

I found an exercise pretty similar to this, so i'm gonna use the data of this exercise to show you how to do it, and then, replace your data in the procedure so you can have an accurate result:

<em>"At a certain temperature the vapor pressure of pure benzene (C6H6) is measured to be 0.63 atm. Suppose a solution is prepared by mixing 79.2 g of benzene and 115. g of heptane (C7H16) Calculate the partial pressure of benzene vapor above this solution. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Note for advanced students: you may assume the solution is ideal".</em>

<em />

Now, according to the data, we want partial pressure of benzene, so we need to use Raoul's law which is:

P = Xₐ * P°    (1)

Where:

P: Partial pressure

Xₐ: molar fraction

P°: Vapour pressure

We only have the vapour pressure of benzene in the mixture. We need to determine the molar fraction first. To do this, we need the moles of each compound in the mixture.

To get the moles:   n = m / MM

To get the molar mass of benzene (C₆H₆) and heptane (C₇H₁₆), we need the atomic weights of Carbon and hydrogen, which are 12 g/mol and 1 g/mol:

MM(C₆H₆) = (12*6) + (6*1) = 78 g/mol

MM(C₇H₁₆) = (7*12) + (16*1) = 100 g/mol

Let's determine the moles of each compound:

moles (C₆H₆) = 79.2 / 78 = 1.02 moles

moles (C₇H₁₆) = 115 / 100 = 1.15 moles

moles in solution = 1.02 + 1.15 = 2.17 moles

To get the molar fractions, we use the following expression:

Xₐ = moles(C₆H₆) / moles in solution

Xₐ = 1.02 / 2.17 = 0.47

Finally, the partial pressure is:

P(C₆H₆) = 0.47 * 0.63

<h2>P(C₆H₆) = 0.2961 atm</h2>

Hope this helps

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