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DochEvi [55]
3 years ago
9

A manufacturer makes two types of drinking straws: one with a square cross-sectional shape, and the other type the typical round

shape. The amount of material in each straw is to be the same. That is, the length of the perimeter of the cross section of each shape is the same. For a given pressure drop, what is the ratio of the flowrates through the straws?
Engineering
1 answer:
Harlamova29_29 [7]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

\frac{Q_{square}}{Q_{circle}} =  0.785  

Explanation:

given data

types of drinking straws

  1. square cross-sectional shape
  2. round shape

solution

we know that both perimeter of the cross section are equal

so we can say that

perimeter of square  = perimeter of circle  

4 × S = π × D

here S is length and D is diameter

S = \frac{\pi D}{4}        ....................1

and

ratio of  flow rate through the square and circle is here

\frac{Q_{square}}{Q_{circle}} = \frac{AV^2}{AV^2}  

\frac{Q_{square}}{Q_{circle}} = \frac{S^2}{\frac{\pi D^2}{4}}  

\frac{Q_{square}}{Q_{circle}} = \frac{(\frac{\pi D}{4})^2}{\frac{\pi D^2}{4}}  

\frac{Q_{square}}{Q_{circle}} = \frac{\pi }{4}  

\frac{Q_{square}}{Q_{circle}} =  0.785  

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A rod that was originally 100-cm-long experiences a strain of 82%. What is the new length of the rod?
Ierofanga [76]

Answer: (b)

Explanation:

Given

Original length of the rod is L=100\ cm

Strain experienced is \epsilon=82\%=0.82

Strain is the ratio of the change in length to the original length

\Rightarrow \epsilon =\dfrac{\Delta L}{L}\\\\\Rightarrow 0.82=\dfrac{\Delta L}{100}\\\\\Rightarrow \Delta L=82\ cm

Therefore, new length is given by (Considering the load is tensile in nature)

\Rightarrow L'=\Delta L+L\\\Rightarrow L'=82+100=182\ cm

Thus, option (b) is correct.

8 0
3 years ago
Find the following for an input of 120 VAC(RMS), 60 hertz, given a 10:1 stepdown transformer, and a full-wave bridge rectifier.
atroni [7]

Answer:

(i) 169.68 volt

(ii) 16.90 volt

(iii) 16.90 volt

(iv) 108.07 volt

(v) 2.161 A

Explanation:

Turn ratio is given as 10:1

We have given that input voltage v_p=120volt

(i) We know that peak voltage is give by v_{peak}=\sqrt{2}v_p=\sqrt{2}\times 120=169.68volt

(ii) We know that for transformer \frac{v_p}{v_s}=\frac{n_p}{n_s}

So \frac{169.08}{v_s}=\frac{10}{1}

v_s=16.90volt

So peak voltage in secondary will be 16.90 volt

(iii) Peak voltage of the rectifier will be equal to the peak voltage of the secondary

So peak voltage of the rectifier will be 16.90 volt

(iv) Dc voltage of the rectifier is given by v_{dc}=\frac{2v_m}{\pi }=\frac{2\times 1.414\times 120}{3.14}=108.07volt

(v) Now dc current is given by i_{dc}=\frac{v_{dc}}{R}=\frac{108.07}{50}=2.1614A

4 0
3 years ago
Air flows through a convergent-divergent duct with an inlet area of 5 cm² and an exit area of 3.8 cm². At the inlet section, the
Luda [366]

Answer:

The mass flow rate is 0.27 kg/s

The exit velocity is 76.1 m/s

The exit pressure is 695 KPa

Explanation:

Assuming the flow to be steady state and the behavior of air as an ideal gas.

The mass flow rate of the air is given as:

Mass Flow Rate = ρ x A1 x V1

where,

ρ = density of air

A1 = inlet area = 3.8 cm² = 3.8 x 10^-4 m²

V1 = inlet velocity = 100 m/s

For density using general gas equation:

PV = nRT

PV = (m/M)RT

PM/RT = ρ

ρ = (680000 N/m²)(0.02897 kg/mol)/(8.314 J/mol.k)(60 + 273)k

ρ = 7.11 kg/m³

Therefore,

Mass Flow Rate = (7.11 kg/m³)(3.8 x 10^-4 m²)(100 m/s)

<u>Mass Flow Rate = 0.27 kg/s = 270 g/s</u>

Now, for steady flow, the mass flow rate remains constant throughout the flow. Hence, flow rate at inlet will be equal to the flow rate at outlet:

Mass Flow Rate = ρ x A2 x V2

where,

ρ = density of air = 7.11 kg/m³ (Assuming in-compressible flow)

A2 = exit area = 5 cm² = 5 x 10^-4 m²

V2 = exit velocity = ?

Therefore:

0.27 kg/s = (7.11 kg/m³)(5 x 10^-4 m²) V2

<u>V2 = 76.1 m/s</u>

Now, for exit pressure, we use Bernoulli's equation between inlet and exit, using subscript 1 for inlet and 2 for exit:

P1 + (1/2) ρ V1² + ρ g h1 = P2 + (1/2) ρ V2² + ρ g h2

Since, both inlet and exit are at same temperature.

Therefore, h1 = h2, and those terms will cancel out.

P1 + (1/2) ρ V1² = P2 + (1/2) ρ V2²

P2 = P1 + (1/2) ρ V1² - (1/2) ρ V2²

P2 = P1 + (1/2) ρ (V1² - V2²)

P2 = 680000 Pa + (0.5)(7.11 kg/m³)[(100m/s)² - (76.1 m/s)²]

P2 = 680000 Pa + 14962.25 Pa

<u>P2 = 694962.25 Pa = 695 KPa</u>

4 0
3 years ago
9.21 LAB: Sorting TV Shows (dictionaries and lists) Write a program that first reads in the name of an input file and then reads
natka813 [3]

The following code or the program will be used

<u>Explanation:</u>

def readFile(filename):

   dict = {}

   with open(filename, 'r') as infile:

       lines = infile.readlines()

       for index in range(0, len(lines) - 1, 2):

           if lines[index].strip()=='':continue

           count = int(lines[index].strip())

           name = lines[index + 1].strip()

           if count in dict.keys():

               name_list = dict.get(count)

               name_list.append(name)

               name_list.sort()

           else:

               dict[count] = [name]

           print(count,name)

   return dict

def output_keys(dict, filename):

   with open(filename,'w+') as outfile:

       for key in sorted(dict.keys()):

           outfile.write('{}: {}\n'.format(key,';'.join(dict.get(key))))

           print('{}: {}\n'.format(key,';'.join(dict.get(key))))  

def output_titles(dict, filename):

   titles = []

   for title in dict.values():

       titles.extend(title)

   with open(filename,'w+') as outfile:

       for title in sorted(titles):

           outfile.write('{}\n'.format(title))

           print(title)

def main():

   filename = input('Enter input file name: ')

   dict = readFile(filename)

   if dict is None:

       print('Error: Invalid file name provided: {}'.format(filename))

       return

   print(dict)

   output_filename_1 ='output_keys.txt'

   output_filename_2 ='output_titles.txt'

   output_keys(dict,output_filename_1)

   output_titles(dict,output_filename_2)  

main()

8 0
3 years ago
Tech A states that in a vehicle, when a specific criterion is met, an input signal is sent to the PCM for processing. Tech B sta
Mila [183]

Answer:

Both are right.

Explanation:

I am obsessed with the manufacture of automobiles, and just did the quiz.

5 0
2 years ago
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