Answer:
Option a.
0.01 mol of CaCl₂ will have the greatest effect on the colligative properties, because it has the biggest i
Explanation:
To determine which of the solute is going to have a greatest effect on colligative properties we have to consider the Van't Hoff factor (i)
These are the colligative properties:
ΔP = P° . Xm . i → Lowering vapor pressure
ΔT = Kb . m . i → Boiling point elevation
ΔT = Kf . m . i → Freezing point depression
π = M . R . T → Osmotic pressure
Van't Hoff factor are the numbers of ions dissolved in the solution. For nonelectrolytes, the i values 1.
CaCl₂ and KNO₃ are two ionic solutes. They dissociate as this:
CaCl₂ → Ca²⁺ + 2Cl⁻
We have 1 mol of Ca²⁺ and 2 chlorides, so 3 moles of ions → i = 3
KNO₃ → K⁺ + NO₃⁻
We have 1 mol of K⁺ and 1 mol of nitrate, so 2 moles of ions → i = 2
Option a, is the best.
The five types of states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate.
Solid objects do not move a lot relative to themselves. Their molecules stay stacked neatly with no intermolecular spaces. They do not have much energy, or heat hence the molecules in solid state don't show movement.
Liquid state have more heat and more energy and a little more intermolecular space than solid. Their molecules are no longer stacked neatly due to presence of air capsules, but they still touch each other. Their structure is uncertain and can flow, their shape will alter quickly and dramatically with outside forces, but they will essentially remain a single mass unless pushed apart.
Gasses have even more energy than liquid and solid. Due to presence of high intermolecular spaces they flow like liquids, but are even more susceptible to the forces acting on them. Their molecules don’t touch each other, but are still close enough to bounce into one another frequently.
Plasma is the state of matter which is like a gas on steroids. Molecules of plasma might start in the same area, but rarely touch each other. Plasma molecules have lost electrons, and have become charged. Plasma molecules set other things on fire, and even vaporize them.
Bose-Einstein condensate or BEC was first created by scientists in the year 1995. This was created using a combination of lasers and magnets, Eric Cornell and Carl Weiman, scientists at the Joint Institute for Lab Astrophysics (JILA) in Boulder, Colorado, cooled a sample of rubidium to within a few degrees of absolute zero.
Learn more about types of matter from the link given below.
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The type of reaction that occurs without the addition of heat is called spontaneous reaction. That is option D.
<h3>What is spontaneous reaction?</h3>
Spontaneous reaction is defined as the reaction where by new substances are formed naturally without the addition of extra energy in the form of heat.
Therefore, the type of reaction that occurs without the addition of heat is called spontaneous reaction
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Answer:
moles of calcium hydroxide= 21.75 mol
a) 43.5 mol
b) 7.25 mol
Explanation:
Please see the attached picture for the full solution.
