Question

An experiment is conducted where students measure the angle of a swing, time of swing, length of swing, and mass of weight for a swinging weight hanging by a string attached to a fixed point on the ceiling. The students vary the angle, length and the weight mass. What is the independent and dependent variables?

Answer 1

Answer:  The dependent variable is the time while the independent variable is the Length.

From the given question, the variables to deal with are

Angle of the swing

Time of swing

Length of swing and

mass of the weigh attached to the swing

Let us use simple harmonic motion to analyze the scenario by using dimension of physical quantity for a small mass suspended from a long thread.

according to SHM formula, w = $\sqrt{g/L}$

where the angular speed w = angle turned / the time (Period)

At the end of the derivation of the expression relating to the time, length, angle and mass

T = K$\sqrt{L/g}$

Time T does not depend of mass.

Therefore, The dependent variable is the time while the independent variable is the Length.

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Answer 2

The variables in the experiment are :

• Dependent variable = Time of swing
• Independent variables : angle of swing, length of swing and the mass of swing.

The variables in the experiment are :

• angle of a swing
• time of swing
• length of swing
• mass of weight

Independent variables are variables which are varied in an experiment in other to cause a change in the dependent or measured variable. An experiment may have more than one independent variable.

Dependent variable is also called the measured variable. This is the variable which changes as the independent variables are varied. An experiment will have only one dependent variable.

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