Answer:
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Explanation:
Conduction:
Heat transfer in the conduction occurs due to movement of molecule or we can say that due to movement of electrons in the two end of same the body. Generally, phenomenon of conduction happens in the case of solid . In conduction heat transfer takes places due to direct contact of two bodies.
Convection:
In convection heat transfer of fluid takes place due to density difference .In simple words we can say that heat transfer occur due to motion of fluid.
Answer:
(a) Surface energy is greater than grain boundary energy due to the fact that the bonds of the atoms on the surface are lower than those of the atoms at the grain boundary. The energy is also directly proportional to the number of bonds created.
(b) The energy of a high-angle grain boundary is higher than that of a small-angle grain boundary because the high-angle grain boundary has a higher misalignment and smaller number of bonds than a small-angle grain boundary.
Explanation:
(a) Surface energy is greater than grain boundary energy due to the fact that the bonds of the atoms on the surface are lower than those of the atoms at the grain boundary. The energy is also directly proportional to the number of bonds created.
(b) The energy of a high-angle grain boundary is higher than that of a small-angle grain boundary because the high-angle grain boundary has a higher misalignment and smaller number of bonds than a small-angle grain boundary.
Answer:
It would take approximately 305 s to go to 99% completion
Explanation:
Given that:
y = 50% = 0.5
n = 1.7
t = 100 s
We need to first find the parameter k from the equation below.
taking the natural logarithm of both sides:
Substituting values:
Also
![t^n=-\frac{ln(1-y)}{k}\\t=\sqrt[n]{-\frac{ln(1-y)}{k}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=t%5En%3D-%5Cfrac%7Bln%281-y%29%7D%7Bk%7D%5C%5Ct%3D%5Csqrt%5Bn%5D%7B-%5Cfrac%7Bln%281-y%29%7D%7Bk%7D%7D)
Substituting values and y = 99% = 0.99
![t=\sqrt[n]{-\frac{ln(1-y)}{k}}=\sqrt[1.7]{-\frac{ln(1-0.99)}{2.76*10^{-4}}}=304.6s](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=t%3D%5Csqrt%5Bn%5D%7B-%5Cfrac%7Bln%281-y%29%7D%7Bk%7D%7D%3D%5Csqrt%5B1.7%5D%7B-%5Cfrac%7Bln%281-0.99%29%7D%7B2.76%2A10%5E%7B-4%7D%7D%7D%3D304.6s)
∴ t ≅ 305 s
It would take approximately 305 s to go to 99% completion
