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2 years ago

what is the effect of using higher concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate on the rate of reaction?

1 answer:

Alex2 years ago

7 0

Increasing the concentration of one or more reactants will often increase the rate of reaction. This occurs because a higher concentration of a reactant will lead to more collisions of that reactant in a specific time period.

Reaction rate increases with concentration, as described by the rate law and explained by collision theory. As reactant concentration increases, the frequency of collision increases. The rate of gaseous reactions increases with pressure, which is, in fact, equivalent to an increase in concentration of the gas.

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3 years ago

a) Whatis the composition in mole fractions of a solution of benzene and toluene that has a vapor pressure of 35 torr at 20 °C?

iogann1982 [59]

Answer:

molar composition for liquid

xb= 0.24

xt=0.76

molar composition for vapor

yb=0.51

yt=0.49

Explanation:

For an ideal solution we can use the Raoult law.

Raoult law: in an ideal liquid solution, the vapor pressure for every component in the solution (partial pressure) is equal to the vapor pressure of every pure component multiple by its molar fraction.

For toluene and benzene would be:

$P_{B}=x_{B}*P_{B}^{o}$

$P_{T}=x_{T}*P_{T}^{o}$

Where:

$P_{B}$ is partial pressure for benzene in the liquid

$x_{B}$ is benzene molar fraction in the liquid

$P_{B}^{o}$ vapor pressure for pure benzene.

The total pressure in the solution is:

$P= P_{T}+ P_{B}$

And

$1=x_{B}+x_{T}$

Working on the equation for total pressure we have:

$P=x_{B}*P_{B}^{o} + x_{T}*P_{T}^{o}$

Since $x_{T}=1-x_{B}$

$P=x_{B}*P_{B}^{o} + (1-x_{B})*P_{T}^{o}$

We know P and both vapor pressures so we can clear $x_{B}$ from the equation.

$x_{B}=\frac{P- P_{T}^{o}}{ P_{B}^{o} - P_{T}^{o}}$

$x_{B}=\frac{35- 22}{75-22} = 0.24$

$x_{T}=1-0.24 = 0.76$

To get the mole fraction for the vapor we know that in the equilibrium:

$P_{B}=y_{B}*P$

$y_{T}=1-y_{B}$

$y_{B} =\frac{P_{B}}{P}=\frac{ x_{B}*P_{B}^{o}}{P}$

$y_{B}=\frac{0.24*75}{35}=0.51$

$y_{T}=1-0.51=0.49$

Something that we can see in these compositions is that the liquid is richer in the less volatile compound (toluene) and the vapor in the more volatile compound (benzene). If we take away this vapor from the solution, the solution is going to reach a new state of equilibrium, where more vapor will be produced. This vapor will have a higher molar fraction of the more volatile compound. If we do this a lot of times, we can get a vapor that is almost pure in the more volatile compound. This is principle used in the fractional distillation.

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3 years ago

4.8 L sample of helium gas contains 0.22 moles of helium - How many additional moles of herum gas must be added to the sample to

yawa3891 [41]

Answer:

Explanation:

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2 years ago

Help I'm giving you a lot of points and do not put random or crazy stuff the real question

dybincka [34]

Answer:

Endothermic

Explanation:

Because Endothermic is cold and exothermic is hot and if you are using an ice pack it would be Endothermic and if you were using something that was hot it would be exothermic

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3 years ago

What is the molar mass of Aul

torisob [31]

Answer:

no idea

Explanation:

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3 years ago