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Rank the following elements by effective nuclear charge, Zeff, for a valence electron. F LI Be B N

Stels [109]

Answer:

Rank in increasing order of effective nuclear charge:

Li < Be < B < N < F

Explanation:

This explains the meaning of effective nuclear charge, Zeff, how to determine it, and the calculations for a valence electron of each of the five given elements: F, Li, Be, B, and N.

1) Effective nuclear charge definitions

While the total positive charge of the atom nucleus (Z) is equal to the number of protons, the electrons farther away from the nucleus experience an effective nuclear charge (Zeff) less than the total nuclear charge, due to the fact that electrons in between the nucleus and the outer electrons partially cancel the atraction from the nucleus.

Such effect on on a valence electron is estimated as the atomic number less the number of electrons closer to the nucleus than the electron whose effective nuclear charge is being determined: Zeff = Z - S.

2) Z eff for a F valence electron:

F's atomic number: Z = 9
Total number of electrons: 9 (same numer of protons)
Period: 17 (search in the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 7 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 9 - 7 = 2
Zeff = Z - S = 9 - 2 = 7

3) Z eff for a Li valence eletron:

Li's atomic number: Z = 3
Total number of electrons: 3 (same number of protons)
Period: 1 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 1 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 3 - 1 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 3 - 2 = 1.

4) Z eff for a Be valence eletron:

Be's atomic number: Z = 4
Total number of electrons: 4 (same number of protons)
Period: 2 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 2 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 4 - 2 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 4 - 2 = 2

5) Z eff for a B valence eletron:

B's atomic number: Z = 5
Total number of electrons: 5 (same number of protons)
Period: 13 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 3 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 5 - 3 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 5 - 2 = 3

6) Z eff for a N valence eletron:

N's atomic number: Z = 7
Total number of electrons: 7 (same number of protons)
Period: 15 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
Number of valence electrons: 5 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 7 - 5 = 2
Z eff = Z - S = 7 - 2 = 5

7) Summary (order):

Atom Zeff for a valence electron

F 7

Li 1

Be 2

B 3

N 5

Conclusion: the order is Li < Be < B < N < F

6 0

3 years ago

5. How can you tell the difference between CuS and Cu2S

puteri [66]

Answer:

Density, melting point. and magnetic properties

Explanation:

I can think of three ways.

1. Density

The density of Cu₂S is 5.6 g/cm³; that of CuS is 4.76 g/cm³.

It should be possible to distinguish these even with high school equipment.

2. Melting point

Cu₂S melts at 1130 °C (yellowish-red); CuS decomposes at 500 °C (faint red).

A Bunsen burner can easily reach these temperatures.

3. Magnetic properties

You can use a Gouy balance to measure the magnetic susceptibilities.

In Cu₂S the Cu⁺ ion has a d¹⁰ electron configuration, so all the electrons are paired and the solid is diamagnetic.

In CuS the Cu²⁺ ion has a d⁹ electron configuration, so all there is an unpaired electron and the solid is paramagnetic.

A sample of Cu₂S will be repelled by the magnetic field and show a decrease in weight.

A sample of CuS will be attracted by the magnetic field and show an increase in weight.

In the picture below, you can see the sample partially suspended between the poles of an electromagnet.

6 0

4 years ago

Plz help im being timed

telo118 [61]

Answer:

C=1

A=2

F=3

E=4

Hope this helps good luck

8 0

3 years ago

1. Which type of intermolecular attractive force operates between all molecules?

natita [175]

Answer:

1) C

2)A

3)D

Explanation:

London forces are common to all molecules, it results from momentary shifts in electron distribution in molecules. When molecules possess a permanent dipole, dipole-dipole interaction is the dominant intermolecular force. However, for compounds in which hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative element, hydrogen bonding is important.

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Acetone and sodium chloride both have similar mass. explain why their other properties differ.

dmitriy555 [2]

Acetone and sodium chloride both have similar mass but different properties. They behave in different ways since each of them consists of different atoms which has different behaviors with each other. Sodium chloride has Na and Cl atoms which are very different with acetone which has carbon, oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Hope this helps.

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers