To develop the problem it is necessary to apply two concepts, the first is related to the calculation of average data and the second is the Boltzmann distribution.
Boltzmann distribution is a probability distribution or probability measure that gives the probability that a system will be in a certain state as a function of that state's energy and the temperature of the system. It is given by

Where,
energy of that state
k = Boltzmann's constant
T = Temperature
With our values we have that
T= 250K




To make the calculations easier we can assume that the temperature and Boltzmann constant can be summarized as



Therefore the average energy would be,

Replacing with our values we have


Therefore the average internal energy is 
Answer:
Average speed: 86 km/h
Explanation:
Driving from San Antonio to Houston:
1st. half time: 54km/h
2nd. half time: 118 km/h
Average speed = [tex] \frac{54 \frac{km}{h}+ 118 \frac{km}{h} }{2}=86 \frac{km}{h} [\tex]
Driving way back:
1st. half time: 54km/h
2nd. half time: 118 km/h
Average speed = [tex] \frac{54 \frac{km}{h}+ 118 \frac{km}{h} }{2}=86 \frac{km}{h} [\tex]
As in both routes we have the same average speed, then the average speed for the whole trip is 86 km/h
Answer:
Solution
verified
Verified by Toppr
(a) The labelled diagram is shown.
(b) The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. Refractive index of diamond is the ratio of the speed of light in air to the speed of light in diamond.i.e.,
μ=
Speedoflightindiamond
Speedoflightinair
and, the ratio of these velocities is 2.42. i.e., This means that the speed of light in diamond will reduce by a factor of 2.42 as compared to its speed in air. In other words, the speed of light in diamond is
1/2.42
times the speed of light in vacuum.
Explanation:
a) Draw and label the diagram given :
(i) Incident ray
(ii) Refracted ray
(iii) Emergent ray
(iv) Angle of reflection
(v) Angle of deviation
(v) Angle of emergence
(b) The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement in relation to speed of light?
The answer is c. it requires no works
From the information given and if the question is complete then;
Absolute temperature is the temperature in Kelvin
To convert degree Celsius to kelvin we normally add 273
that is Kelvin = deg Celsius + 273
Thus since we have been given that the air was at -70 degrees celcius;
then; - 70° C + 273 = 203 K
Therefore; the absolute temperature is 203 K