Answer:

Explanation:
As we know that magnetic field due to torroid is given as

this is approximately constant magnetic field along the axis of the torroid
now the flux linked with one coil of the torroid is given as


now total flux of N number of coils is given as

now we know that self inductance is the property of coil in which flux of the coil will link with the current in the coil
So we know that


Before going to answer this question first we have to understand reflection and laws of reflection.
Reflection is the optical phenomenon in which light will bounce back to the same medium from which it had originated .
Whenever a light ray will incident on a mirror or any reflecting surface, it will be reflected. The ray which falls on the reflecting surface is called incident ray and the ray which is reflected is called reflected ray.
Let us consider a normal to the point of incidence.The angle made by incident ray with the normal is called angle of incidence.Let it be denoted as[ i ]
The angle made by the reflected ray with the normal is called angle of incidence.Let it be denoted as [r]
There are two types of reflection.One is called regular and other one is called as irregular.The laws of reflection is valid for both the types of reflection.
There are two laws of reflection.
FIRST LAW -It states that the incident ray,reflected ray and the normal to the point of incidence,all lie in one plane.
SECOND LAW- It states that that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection irrespective of the type of reflection.i.e i =r
Hence the correct answer will be angle of reflection.
Become more positive instead of negative
Answer:
To create an electric potential difference between the ends of the conductor.
Explanation:
For current to flow, there must exist an electric potential difference between the ends of the conductor. This PD is provided by the electromotive force stored within the battery. Unless there is a connection between the terminals no PD will exist between the terminals.