Explain how a metal and a non-metal form an ION when they chemically react together.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Marizza181 [45]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

When metals react with non-metals, electrons are transferred from the metal atoms to the non-metal atoms, forming ions. The resulting compound is called an ionic compound. In all of these reactions, the metal atoms give electrons to the non-metal atoms.

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Suppose that you have 115 mL of a buffer that is 0.460 M in both benzoic acid ( C 6 H 5 COOH ) and its conjugate base ( C 6 H 5

77julia77 [94]

<u>Answer:</u> The maximum volume of HCl that can be added before its buffering capacity is lost is 111.3 mL

<u>Explanation:</u>

We are given:

Concentration of buffer = 0.460 M

To calculate the pH of acidic buffer, we use the equation given by Henderson Hasselbalch:

$pH=pK_a+\log(\frac{[salt]}{[acid]})$

$pH=pK_a+\log(\frac{[C_6H_5COO^-]}{[C_6H_5COOH]})$ .....(1)

We are given:

$pK_a$ = negative logarithm of acid dissociation constant of benzoic acid = 4.2

$[C_6H_5COOH]=0.460M$

$[C_6H_5COO^-]=0.460M$

pH = ?

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$pH=4.2+\log(\frac{0.460}{0.460})\\\\pH=4.2$

When the pH of the buffer changes by 1 unit, the buffering capacity is said to be lost.

pH change for loosing buffer capacity = [4.2 - 1] = 3.2

Calculating the ratio of conjugate base and its acid by using equation 1:

$pK_a$ = 4.2

pH = 3.2

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$3.2=4.2+\log(\frac{[C_6H_5COO^-]}{[C_6H_5COOH]})\\\\\frac{[C_6H_5COO^-]}{[C_6H_5COOH]}=0.1$

To calculate the number of moles for given molarity, we use the equation:

$\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Volume of solution (in mL)}}$ ......(2)

For benzoic acid and its conjugate base:

Molarity of benzoic acid and its conjugate base = 0.460 M

Volume of solution = 115 mL

Putting values in equation 2, we get:

$0.460=\frac{\text{Moles of benzoic acid and its conjugate base}\times 1000}{115mL}\\\\\text{Moles of benzoic acid and its conjugate base}=\frac{0.460\times 115}{1000}=0.053mol$