This question is off-base and misleading from the beginning.
When you jump off the Earth, your momentum changes, <em>and the Earth moves away from you with an equal change of momentum in the opposite direction</em>.
1). Momentum is conserved when you jump. But we don't feel the Earth moving. Since the Earth's mass is a bazillion times greater than YOUR mass, the speed with which the Earth moves away from you is only one bazillionth of your speed. That way, the product of (mass) x (speed) is the SAME for you and for the Earth, and momentum is conserved.
2). <em>Of course !</em> If everyone jumped at the same time, the Earth's momentum would change. In answer-(1), I explained that the Earth's momentum changes whenever <em>ONE PERSON</em> jumps. So 7 billion people all jumping at the same time would certainly make it change.
Current will be

now just pluf in the values and Voila..
Answer:
12.5 m/s
Explanation:
The motion of the hammer is a free fall motion, so a uniformly accelerated motion, therefore we can use the following suvat equation:

Where, taking downward as positive direction, we have:
s = 8 m is the displacement of the hammer
u = 0 is the initial velocity (it is dropped from rest)
v is the final velocity
is the acceleration of gravity
Solving the equation for v, we find the final velocity:

So, the final speed is 12.5 m/s.
Answer:
The diode equation gives an expression for the current through a diode as a function of voltage.
Explanation:
Refer to the diagram shown below.
W₁ = (4 kg)*(9.8 m/s²) = 39.2 N
W₂ = (1 kg)*(9.8 m/s²) = 9.8 N
The normal reaction on the 4-kg mass is
N = (39.2 N)*cos(25°) = 35.5273 N
The force acting down the inclined plane due to the weight is
F = (39.2 N)*sin(25°) = 16.5666 N
The net force that accelerates the 4-kg mass at a m/²s down the plane is
F - W₂ = (4 kg)*(a m/s²)
4a = 16.5666 - 9.8
a = 1.6917 m/s²
Answer: 1.69 m/s² (nearest hundredth)