The space between the large nucleus and the electrons is huge. We know this because the alpha particles shot at the gold foil most went right on through. That means that the space between hold atoms is very large.
B
Not only that but the deflection that takes place is not frequent further telling us that the the nucleus must be positively charged. That observation comes from the deflection itself. The charge on the nucleus must be the same as the alpha particle. If they were different, and the nucleus was negative, those particles that were deflected would now be absorbed.
