Answer and Explanation:
In optics, a CoC(Circle of Confusion) is defined the minimum cross section of a paraxial bundle of rays made by a lens which is sphero-cylindrical type and can be viewed as an optical spot, which do not converge perfectly at the focus while a point source is being imaged due to spherical aberration.
The Circle of Confusion is also referred to as circle of indistinctness or a blur spot
Answer:
Convex lens and convex mirrors are similar that
1. They have the same image characteristics at various object positions
2. They possess a positive focal length
3. Both their ray lines converge to a particular focal point
Given: Wavelength λ = 410 nm convert to Meters m = 4.10 x 10⁻⁷ m
Speed of light c = 3 x 10⁸ m/s
Required: Frequency f = ?
Formula: c = λf
f = c/λ
f = 3 x 10⁸ m/s/4.10 x 10⁻⁷ m
f = 7.32 x 10¹⁴/s or 732 Thz (Terahertz)
The change in mean drift velocity for electrons as they pass from one end of the wire to the other is 3.506 x 10⁻⁷ m/s and average acceleration of the electrons is 4.38 x 10⁻¹⁵ m/s².
The given parameters;
- <em>Current flowing in the wire, I = 4.00 mA</em>
- <em>Initial diameter of the wire, d₁ = 4 mm = 0.004 m</em>
- <em>Final diameter of the wire, d₂ = 1 mm = 0.001 m</em>
- <em>Length of wire, L = 2.00 m</em>
- <em>Density of electron in the copper, n = 8.5 x 10²⁸ /m³</em>
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The initial area of the copper wire;

The final area of the copper wire;

The initial drift velocity of the electrons is calculated as;

The final drift velocity of the electrons is calculated as;

The change in the mean drift velocity is calculated as;

The time of motion of electrons for the initial wire diameter is calculated as;

The time of motion of electrons for the final wire diameter is calculated as;

The average acceleration of the electrons is calculated as;

Thus, the change in mean drift velocity for electrons as they pass from one end of the wire to the other is 3.506 x 10⁻⁷ m/s and average acceleration of the electrons is 4.38 x 10⁻¹⁵ m/s².
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Low coefficient of friction
1. flying a plane (friction between air and plane)
2. ice skating (friction between ice and skate blade)
3. swimming (water & skin)
4. rowing a boat (water and boat)