Clarify what you mean by ratios?
Answer:
The coefficient of performance for the cycle is 2.33.
Explanation:
Given that,
Output energy 
Work done 
We need to calculate the coefficient of performance
Using formula of the coefficient of performance

We need to calculate the 

Put the value into the formula



Now put the value of
into the formula of COP


Hence, The coefficient of performance for the cycle is 2.33.
I think it was either Robert Hook or Anton Van Leevwen Hoek
When A Light Ray Hits A Boundary,,,,, it is called refraction.
B <span> of Earth’s surface is covered by water. Very little or no light penetrates beyond a few hundred feet in water</span>