Answer:
reduce the velocity of collision
The correct answer is
"As the distance from the earth increases, the gravitational pull on the spaceship would decrease."
In fact, the gravitational force (attractive) exerted by the Earth on the spaceship is given by

where G is the gravitational constant, M the Earth's mass, m the mass of the spaceship and d the distance of the spaceship from the Earth. As we can see from the formula, as the distance d between the spaceship and the Earth increases, the gravitational force F decreases, so answer D) is the correct one.
B. Extra text to get to 20 characters.
Answer: 1.51 km
Explanation:
<u>Coulomb's Law:</u> The electrostatic force between two charge particles Q: and Q2 is directly proportional to product of magnitude of charges and inversely proportional to square of separation distance between them.
Or, 
Where Q1 and Q2 are magnitude of two charges and r is distance between them:
<u>Given:</u>
Q1 = Charge near top of cloud = 48.8 C
Q2 = Charge near the bottom of cloud = -41.7 C
Force between charge at top and bottom of cloud (i.e. between Q: and Q2) (F) = 7.98 x 10^6N
k = 8.99 x 109Nm^2/C^2
<u>So,</u>

Therefore, the separation between the two charges (r) = 1.51 km
Central maximum = d* wavelength/ D
thus
12*10-^3 = 3.4*6.32*10-^7/D
D = 3.4*6.32*10-^7/12*10-^3
D = 1.79*10-^4 m