Key concepts
Density
Mass
Volume
Concentration
Buoyancy
Water
100 times less H+
A solution at ph 10 contains<u> </u><u>100 times less H+</u> than the same amount of solution at ph 8.
<h3>The pH scale: How does it function?</h3>
- The pH scale determines how acidic or basic water is.
- The range is 0 to 14, with 7 representing neutrality.
- Acidity is indicated by pH values below 7, whereas baseness is shown by pH values above 7.
- In reality, pH is a measurement of the proportion of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in water.
<h3>How does the pH change when two acids are combined?</h3>
- An acid's strength increases with the quantity of hydrogen ions it releases.
- The pH of the strong acids is between 1 and 2.
- We may observe that there is no response when two acids of the same strength are combined.
- It's because the end product will be neutral and the pH won't change.
<h3>How is pH value determined?</h3>
There are two ways to measure pH:
- colorimetrically with indicator fluids or sheets
- electrochemically with electrodes and a millivoltmeter for greater accuracy (pH meter).
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Its air and water. if its multiple choice
Seven
Elements do not contain more than 7 electron shells.
The volume of the 0.15 M LiOH solution required to react with 50 mL of 0.4 M HCOOH to the equivalence point is 133.3 mL
<h3>Balanced equation </h3>
HCOOH + LiOH —> HCOOLi + H₂O
From the balanced equation above,
The mole ratio of the acid, HCOOH (nA) = 1
The mole ratio of the base, LiOH (nB) = 1
<h3>How to determine the volume of LiOH </h3>
- Molarity of acid, HCOOH (Ma) = 0.4 M
- Volume of acid, HCOOH (Va) = 50 mL
- Molarity of base, LiOH (Mb) = 0.15 M
- Volume of base, LiOH (Vb) =?
MaVa / MbVb = nA / nB
(0.4 × 50) / (0.15 × Vb) = 1
20 / (0.15 × Vb) = 1
Cross multiply
0.15 × Vb = 20
Divide both side by 0.15
Vb = 20 / 0.15
Vb = 133.3 mL
Thus, the volume of the LiOH solution needed is 133.3 mL
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