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iragen [17]
2 years ago
15

How do you know how to order an empirical formula?

Chemistry
2 answers:
kolbaska11 [484]2 years ago
8 0

Solving Empirical Formula Problems There are two common types of empirical formula problems. Luckily, the steps to solve either are almost exactly the same. Example #1: Given mass % of elements in a compound.
A compound was found to contain 32.65% Sulfur, 65.3% Oxygen and 2.04% Hydrogen. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
1) The first step in this problem is to change the % to grams.
32.65%→32.65g of S
65.3%→65.3g of O
2.04%→2.04g of H
2) Next divide all the given masses by their molar mass.
32.65g of S/ 32gm-1 = 1.0203 moles of S
65.3g of O/ 16gm-1 = 4.08 moles of O
2.04g of H/ 1.008gm-1 = 2.024 moles of H
3) Then, pick the smallest answer in moles from the previous step and divide all the answers by that. Remember that if you calculate a number that is x0.9 round to the nearest whole number
1.0203 moles of S/ 1.0203 = 1
4.08 moles of O/1.0203 = 3.998 ≈ 4
2.024 moles of H/1.0203 = 1.984 ≈ 2
4) Lastly, the coefficients calculated in the previous step will become the subscripts in the chemical formula.
S = 1
O = 4
H = 2
H2SO4
Example#2: Given the mass of a reactant before a chemical reaction and the mass of a product after a reaction.
When 0.273g of Mg is heated in a Nitrogen (N2) environment a chemical reaction occurs. The product of the reaction is 0.378g . Calculate the empirical formula.
1) In any empirical formula problem you must first find the mass % of the elements in the compound. Since the total mass of the final product was 0.378 we find that:
0.378g total-0.273g magnesium = 0.105g nitrogen
0.105g nitrogen/0.378g total (100) = 27.77%
0.273g magnesium/0.378g total (100) =72.23%
2) Then change the % to grams
27.77%→27.77g of N
72.23%→72.23g of Mg
3) Next, divide all the masses by their respective molar masses.
27.77g/14gm-1 = 1.98 moles N
72.23g/24.31gm-1 = 2.97 moles Mg
inessss [21]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Start with the number of grams of each element, given in the problem. the mass of each element = the percent given. Convert the mass of each element to moles using the molar mass from the periodic table. Divide each mole value by the smallest number of moles calculated.

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If 0.500 mol neon at 1.00 atm and 273 K expands against a constant external pressure of 0.100 atm until the gas pressure reaches
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The work done on neon = -323 J

The internal energy change= -392.84 J

The heat absorbed by neon = -69.84 J

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Number of moles  = 0.500 moles

Pressure  = 1 atm

Temperature  = 273 Kelvin

The pressure will change from 1.00 atm to 0.200 atm. The temperature changes from 273 to 210 Kelvin.

a) calculate the work done on neon

W = -P(V2-V1)    

⇒ with P = the pressure = 0.1 atm

⇒ with V1 = the initial volume = nRTi /Pi

⇒ with V2 = the final volume = nRTf /Pf

W = -PnR((T2/P2) -(T1/P1))

⇒ with T2 = the final temperature = 210 K

 ⇒ with T1 = the initial temperature = 273 K

 ⇒ with P2 = the final pressure = 0.200 atm

 ⇒ with P1 = the initial pressure = 1.00 atm

W = -nR (210*(0.1/0.2) - 273*(0.1/1.00))

W = -nR*(105 - 27.3)

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W = -323 J

b) calculate the internal energy change

E = (3/2)*nRT

ΔE = Ef - Ei

ΔE =(3/2)*nR(T2-T1)

⇒ with n= number of moles = 0.500 moles

⇒ with T2 =the final temperature = 210 K

⇒ with T1 = the initial temperature = 273 K

ΔE = (3/2)*(0.5)*(8.314)(210-273)

ΔE = -392.84 J

c) Calculate the heat absorbed by neon

ΔE = q + W

q = ΔE -W

⇒ with ΔE = -392.84 J

⇒ with W = -323 J

q = -392.84 J -( -323 J)

q =-392.84 J + 323 J

q = -69.84 J

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