Answer: The variable that you manipulate is called the independent variable. The variable that you measure is called the dependent variable.
Answer:
22cm
Explanation:
focal length = 11cm
radius of curvature,r = 2f
r= 2 x 11
r=22cm
I'd say potential/kinetic energy.
1. it is difficult to search for it . Because infrared rays will never penetrate through earth atmosphere.
2. we are unaware of how it looks like and we only know it is red and will glow . A damaged star also looks like this.
3. Dust also makes is hard to detect Dyson spheres . So we will get confused between Dyson sphere and a star surrounded by dust.
(a) The net flux through the coil is zero.
In fact, the magnetic field generated by the wire forms concentric circles around the wire. The wire is placed along the diameter of the coil, so we can imagine as it divides the coil into two emisphere. Therefore, the magnetic field of the wire is perpendicular to the plane of the coil, but the direction of the field is opposite in the two emispheres. Since the two emispheres have same area, then the magnetic fluxes in the two emispheres are equal but opposite in sign, and so they cancel out when summing them together to find the net flux.
(b) If the wire passes through the center of the coil but it is perpendicular to the plane of the wire, the net flux through the coil is still zero.
In fact, the magnetic field generated by the wire forms concentric lines around the wire, so it is parallel to the plane of the coil. But the flux is equal to

where

is the angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the perpendicular to the plane of the coil, so in this case

and so the cosine is zero, therefore the net flux is zero.