given that
mass of water = 2 L = 2000 gram
now we can use
heat required to raise the temperature

C = 1 cal/g C

now from above formula


so above is the heat required to raise the temperature
Answer:
Estimation: year 1110.
Explanation:
We need to know how much time it takes to move 100 arcseconds if it moves at 0.11 arcsecond per year. Similarly to any velocity equation
, where in our case the distances are angular, we will obtain the time by doing:

Which, considering from 2019, the explosion ought to have been observed around 1110 (in reality it was observed by Chinese astronomers in 1054).
P1 and P2 are the pressures, and V1 and V2 are the volumes. So you take the first pressure and volume you are given and place them into the equation P1V1 so the first part of the equation would be 101000*0.5 = P2V2. You then rearrange the equation to find what you want, in this instance you would do 50500/0.25 = P2... therefore P2 = 2020000Pa or 2.02*10^6Pa