Answer:
ΔG = -61.5 kJ/mol (<u>Spontaneous process</u>)
Explanation:
2 NO (g) + O₂ (g) ⇄ 2NO₂ (g)
Let's apply the thermodynamic formula to calculate the ΔG
ΔG = ΔG° + R .T . lnQ
We don't know if the gases are at equilibrium, that's why we apply Q (reaction quotient)
ΔG = - 69 kJ/mol + 8.31x10⁻³ kJ/K.mol . 298K . ln Q
How can we know Q? By the partial pressures (Qp)
P NO = 0.450atm
PO₂ = 0.1 atm
PNO₂ = 0.650 atm
Qp = [NO₂]² / [NO]² . [O₂]
Qp = 0.650² / 0.450² . 0.1 = 20.86
ΔG = - 69 kJ/mol + 8.31x10⁻³ kJ/K.mol . 298K . ln 20.86
ΔG = -61.5 kJ/mol (<u>Spontaneous process</u>)
pH=6.98
Explanation:
This is a very interesting question because it tests your understanding of what it means to have a dynamic equilibrium going on in solution.
As you know, pure water undergoes self-ionization to form hydronium ions, H3O+, and hydroxide anions, OH−.
2H2O(l]⇌H3O+(aq]+OH−(aq]→ very important!
At room temperature, the value of water's ionization constant, KW, is equal to 10−14. This means that you have
KW=[H3O+]⋅[OH−]=10−14
Since the concentrations of hydronium and hydroxide ions are equal for pure water, you will have
[H3O+]=√10−14=10−7M
The pH of pure water will thus be
pH=−log([H3O+])
pH=−log(10−7)=7
Now, let's assume that you're working with a 1.0-L solution of pure water and you add some 10
I would say compression or the absence of heat because heating a liquid makes it a gas<span />
Answer:
Theoretical yield of the reaction = 34 g
Excess reactant is hydrogen
Limiting reactant is nitrogen
Explanation:
Given there is 100 g of nitrogen and 100 g of hydrogen
Number of moles of nitrogen = 100 ÷ 28 = 3·57
Number of moles of hydrogen = 100 ÷ 2 = 50
Reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen yields ammonia according to the following chemical equation
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
From the above chemical equation for every mole of nitrogen that reacts, 3 moles of hydrogen will be required and 2 moles of ammonia will be formed
Now we have 3·57 moles of nitrogen and therefore we require 3 × 3·57 moles of hydrogen
⇒ We require 10·71 moles of hydrogen
But we have 50 moles of hydrogen
∴ Limiting reactant is nitrogen and excess reactant is hydrogen
From the balanced chemical equation the yield will be 2 × 3·57 moles of ammonia
Molecular weight of ammonia = 17 g
∴ Theoretical yield of the reaction = 2 × 3·57 × 17 = 121·38 g
